B. Deniz Çalış compiled the bibliographies of authors who contributed to Middle East Garden Traditions: Unity and Diversity; Questions, Methods and Resources in a Multicultural Perspective. To this have been added references from the garden catalogue introductions as well as references for the multilingual glossary. The original project bibliography was supplemented in 2020 with new entries added by Sasson Chahanovich, 2018–2020 William R. Tyler Fellow.
Last updated: 29 January 2020.
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Abdi. 1730 Patrona ihtilâli hakkinda bir eser tarihi. Edited by Faik Reşit Unat. Ankara: Türk tarih kurumu, 1943.
Abdi Bayg Shirazi, Zayn al-ʻAbidin ʻAli. Dawḥat al-azhār. Edited by Abulfaz Rahimov and ʻAli Minaʼi. Moscow: Idārah-ʼi Intishārāt-i Dānish, 1974.
Abu al-Fazl ʻAllami. The Akbar Nāmā of Abu-l-Fazl. Translated by Henry Beveridge. Calcutta: Asiatic Society of Bengal, 1897.
———. The Akbar Nāma of Abu-l-Fazl: History of the Reign of Akbar Including an Account of His Predecessors. Translated by Beveridge Henry. Delhi: Ess Ess Publications, 1977.
———. The Āʾīn-i Akbarī. Edited by S. L. Goomer. Translated by H. Blochmann. 2nd ed. Delhi: Aadiesh Book Depot, 1965.
Abu-Lughod, Janet. Cairo: 1001 Years of the City Victorious. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1971.
Agarwal, Anil, and Sunita Narain. Dying Wisdom: Rise, Fall and Potential of India’s Traditional Water Harvesting Systems. New Delhi: Centre for Science and Environ, 1997.
Ahmet Cevdet Paşa. Cevdet Paşa tarihinden seçmeler. Istanbul: Millî Eğitim Bakanlığı, 1994.
Aitchison, James Edward Tierney. Notes on the Products of Western Afghanistan and of North-Eastern Persia. Edinburgh: Neill, 1890.
Aktepe, M. Münir. “18. Yüzyılın İlk Yarısında Kağıthane ve Sadabad.” TTOK Belleteni 72 (1984–85): 14–19.
———. “Dâmâd Ibrahim Pasa devrinde lâle.” Tarih Dergisi 4, no. 7 (1952): 85–126.
———. “Dâmâd Ibrahim Pasa devrinde lâle.” Tarih Dergisi 5, no. 8 (1953): 85–104.
———. “Dâmâd Ibrahim Pasa devrinde lâle.” Tarih Dergisi 6, no. 9 (1954): 23–28.
———. “Dâmâd Ibrahim Pasa devrinde lâle.” Tarih Dergisi 13, nos. 17–18 (1963): 17–25.
———. “İstanbul Fenerbahçesi hakkında bazı bilgiler.” Edebiyat Fakultesi Tarih Dergisi 32 (1979): 349–72.
———. “Kağıthane’ye Dair Bazı Bilgiler.” In Ord. Prof. İsmail Hakkı Uzunçarşılı’ya armağan, 335–63. Ankara: Türk Tarih Kurumu, 1976.
Al-Baghdadi, Abu Khatib. Tārīkh Baghdād aw madīnat al-salām. Beirut: Dār al-Kitāb al-ʻArabī, 1966.
Alcántara, Emilio Lafuente y. Inscripciones árabes de Granada: Precedidas de una reseña histórica y de la genealogia detallada de los reyes Alahmares. Madrid: Imprenta nacional, 1859.
Alemany Bolufer, Jose. “La geografía de la península Ibérica en los escritores árabes.” Revista del Centro de Estudies Historicos de Grandada y su Reino 9 (1919): 136–42.
Alemi, Mahvash. “Chahar Bagh.” Environmental Design: Journal of the Islamic Environmental Design Research Centre 1 (1966): 38–45.
———. “I giardini reali di Ashraf e Farahâbâd.” In Il giardino islamico: Architettura, natura, paesaggio, edited by Attilio Petruccioli, 201–16. Milano: Electa, 1994.
———. “Il giardino persiano: tipi e modelli.” In Il giardino islamico: Architettura, natura, paesaggio, edited by Attilio Petruccioli, 39–62. Milan: Electa, 1994.
———. “The Royal Gardens of the Safavid Period: Types and Models.” In Gardens in the Time of the Great Muslim Empires: Theory and Design, edited by Attilio Petruccioli, 71–96. Leiden; New York: Brill, 1997.
Al-Fashtali. Manâhil al-safâ fî akhbâr al-mulûk al-shurafâ. Rabat: A. Gannoun, 1964.
Alfieri, Bianca Maria. Islamic Architecture of the Indian Subcontinent. London: Laurence Kind, 2000.
Allen, Terry. “Imagining Paradise in Islamic Art.” Sebastopol, CA: Solipsist Press, 1993.
———. Timurid Herat. Wiesbaden: Reichert, 1983.
———. “The Tombs of the ‘Abbasid Caliphs in Baghdad.” Bulletin of the School of Oriental and African Studies 46 (1983): 421–31.
Alley, Kelly D. On the Banks of the Gaṅgā: When Wastewater Meets a Sacred River. Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press, 2002.
Almagro Gorbea, Antonio. El palacio omeya de Amman. 3 vols. Madrid: Instituto Hispano-Arabe de Cultura, Direccion General de Relaciones Culturales, 1983–2000.
———. “El Patio del Crucero de los Reales Alcázares de Sevilla.” Al-Qantara 20 (1999): 331–76.
———. “Jardín con plantas (y alzados) de papel.” In Arquitectura en al-Andalus, documentos para el siglo XXI, edited by A. Jiménez, 205–84. Granada: El Legado Andalusí, 1996.
———. Planimetría del Alcázar de Sevilla. Granada: R. A., CSIC, 2000.
———. “A La arquitectura en al-Andalus en torno al año 1000: Madinat al-Zahra.” In La península ibérica en torno al año 1000: VII congreso de estudios medievales: [León, 27 de septiembre al 1 de octubre de 1999], 165–91. Ávila: Fundación Sánchez-Albornoz, 2001.
———. “La recuperación del jardín medieval del Patio de las Doncellas.” Apuntes del Alcázar de Sevilla 6 (2005): 44–67.
———. “El palacio de Pedro I en Tordesillas: Realidad e hipótesis.” Reales Sitios 163 (2005): 2–13.
———. “Preserving the Architectural Heritage of Al-Andalus: From Restoration to Virtual Reconstruction.” Al-Masaq 19, no. 2 (2007): 155–75.
———. “Una nueva interpretación del patio de la Casa de Contratación del Alcázar de Sevilla.” Al-Qantara 28, no. 1 (2007): 181–228.
Almagro, Antonio, and Ana Almagro-Vidal. “La expresión gráfica en el análisis del Patrimonio: El patio del Crucero del Alcázar de Sevilla.” In Actas del IX Congreso internacional de Expresión Gráfica Arquitectónica, EGA 2002, Re-Visiones: enfoques en docencia e investigación, 517–22. La Coruña, 2002.
Almagro, Antonio, et al. “Madinat al-Zahra, Investigación y representación.” In VIII Congreso Ibero-Americano de Gráfica Digital, SIGraDi 2004, El sentido y el universo digital, 47–49. São Leopoldo (Brasil), 2004.
Almagro, Antonio, and Antonio Orihuela. “El Cuarto Real de Santo Domingo de Granada.” In Casas y palacios de Al-Andalus, siglos XII y XIII, edited by Julio Navarro Palazón, 241–53. [Málaga]: Junta de Andalucía, 1995.
———. “Propuesta de intervención en el Cuarto Real de Santo Domingo (Granada).” Logia 4 (1997): 22–29.
Almagro Basch, Martín, et al. Qusayr ʻAmra: Residencia y baños omeyas en el desierto de Jordania. Madrid: Ministerio de Asuntos Exteriores, Dirección General de Relaciones Culturales, y Junta para la Protección de Monumentos y Bienes Culturales en el Exterior, 1975.
Almagro-Vidal, Ana. “La evolución del espacio en la arquitectura palatina andalusí. Un análisis perceptivo a través de la infografía.” Unpublished PhD Thesis, Universidad de Granada, 2005.
Al-Maqqari, Ahmad. The History of the Mohammedan Dynasties in Spain. Translated by Pascual Gayangos. 2 vols. Delhi: Idarah-i Adabiyat-i Delli, 1984.
Alvi, M. A. Jahangir: The Naturalist. National Institute of Sciences of India, 1968.
Alvi, Mujtaba Ahmad, and Abdur Rahman. Jahangir: The Naturalist. Reprint. New Delhi: Indian national science academy, 1989.
Amar, Zohar. The Book of Incense. Tel Aviv: Erets; ha-Mador le-toldot ha-refuʼah be-Erets-Yiśraʼel; Merkaz Ingeborg Renerṭ le-limude Yerushalayim, 2002.
Amar, Zohar, and Afraim Lev. “Trends in the Use of Perfumes and Incense in the Near East After the Muslim Conquests.” Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society 23, no. 1 (2013): 11–30.
Ameli, Abdullah J., A. Montazer, and S. Ayvazian. “Repères sur l’évolution urbaine d’Ispahan.” In Maison d’Ispahan, edited by Darab Diba, P. Revault, and S. Santelli, 23–43. Paris: Maisonneuve & Larose, 2001.
Amit, David, Joseph Patrich, and Yizhar Hirschfeld, eds. The Aqueducts of Israel. Portsmouth, R.I.: Journal of Roman Archaeology, 2002.
Andrews, Walter G. Poetry’s Voice, Society’s Song: Ottoman Lyric Poetry. Seattle: University of Washington Press, 1985.
Andrews, Walter G., Najaat Black, and Mehmet Kalpaklı. Ottoman Lyric Poetry: An Anthology. Austin: University of Texas Press, 1997.
Andrews, Walter G., and Mehmet Kalpaklı. The Age of Beloveds: Love and the Beloved in Early-Modern Ottoman and European Culture and Society. Durham: Duke University Press, 2005.
Anonymous (Archbishop of Ancyrus). Relation d’une mission faite nouvellement par Mgr l’archevêque d’Ancyre à Ispahan en Perse, pour la réunion des Arméniens à l’Eglise catholique. Paris: Jean de Nully, 1702.
Archaeological Survey of India—Photographs in the India Office Collections in the British Library. Surrey: Emmett Publishers, 1993.
Arel, Ayda. Onsekizinci yüzyıl Istanbul mimarısınde batılılasma süreci. Istanbul: I.T.U. Mimarlık Fakültesi Baskı Atölyesi, 1975.
Arianpour, Ali-Reza. Bāghhā-i tārīkh-i Shirāz. Tehran: Farhang-Sara, 1986.
Arié, Rachel. “Une metropole hispanomusulmane au Bas Moyen Age: Grenade nasride.” Les cahiers de Tunisie 34, nos. 137–38 (1986): 47–67.
Arjona Castro, Antonio. Anales de Córdoba musulmana, 711–1008. Córdoba: Monte de Piedad y Caja de Ahorros de Córdoba, 1982.
Armağan, Mustafa, ed. İstanbul armağanı. Istanbul: İstanbul Büyükşehir Belediyesi Kültür İşleri Daire Başkanlığı, 1995.
Arnold, Felix. “El área palatina: Evolución arquitectónica.” In La Alcazaba: Fragmentos para una historia de Almería, edited by Ángela Suárez Márquez, 91–110. Seville: Junta de Andalucía, Consejería de Cultura, 2005.
———. “Islamische Wohnburgen auf der iberischen Halbinsel: Neue Ergebnisse einer Bauaufnahme in Almería.” Architectura: Zeitschrift Für Geschichte Der Baukunst 33, no. 2 (2003): 153–74.
Arnold, Thomas Walker. Chronicle of Akbar the Great: A Description of a Manuscript of the Akbar-Nāma Illustrated by the Court Painters. Oxford: Printed for presentation to the members of the Roxburghe Club, 1937.
Arslan, Mehmet. Türk edebiyatında manzum surnâmeler: Osmanlı saray düğünleri ve şenlikleri. Maltepe, Ankara: Atatürk Kültür Merkezi Başkanlığı, 1999.
Artan, Tülay. “Architecture as a Theatre of Life: Profile of the Eighteenth Century Bosphorus.” PhD dissertation, MIT, 1989.
Asher, Catherine B. Architecture of Mughal India. 1st ed. Cambridge and New York: Cambridge University Press, 1992.
———. “Babur and the Timurid Char Bagh: Use and Meaning.” In Mughal Architecture: Pomp and Ceremonies, 46–55. Rome: Dell’Oca, 1991.
———. “Gardens of the Nobility: Raja Man Singh and the Bagh-I Wah.” In The Mughal Garden: Interpretation, Conservation and Implications, edited by Mahmood Hussain, Abdul Rehman, and James L. Wescoat, 61–72. Rawalpindi: Ferozsons, 1996.
——— “The Mausoleum of Sher Shah Suri.” Artibus Asiae 39, nos. 3-4 (1977): 273–98.
———. “Sub-Imperial Palaces: Power and Authority in Mughal India.” Ars Orientalis 23 (1993): 281–302.
Asher, Catherine B., and Cynthia Talbot. India before Europe. New York: Cambridge University Press, 2006.
Asif, Muhammad Hashim, and ʻAzızullah ʻAlızadah. Rustam al-tavārı̄kh. Tehran: Firdaws, 2001.
Asiltürk, Bâki. Osmanlı seyyahlarının gözüyle Avrupa. Istanbul: Kaknüs Yayınları, 2000.
Aşkar, Mustafa. Molla Fenârı̂ ve vahdet-i vücûd anlayışı. Ankara: Muradiye Kültür Vakfı, 1993.
Astarabadi, Husayn ibn Murtaza Husayni. Tārīkh-i sulṭānī: az Shaykh Ṣafī tā Shāh Ṣafī. Edited by Ihsan Ishraqi. Tehran: ʻIlmī, 1987.
Atasoy, Nurhan. 15. yüzyıldan 20. yüzyıla Osmanlı bahçeleri ve hasbahçeler. Istanbul: T.C. Kültür ve Turizm Bakanlığı, Güzel Sanatlar Genel Müdürlüğü, 2005.
———. A Garden for the Sultan: Gardens and Flowers in the Ottoman Culture. 1st ed. [Turkey]: Aygaz, 2002.
Atil, Esin. “Surname-i Vehbi: An Eighteenth Century Ottoman Book of Festivals.” PhD dissertation, University of Michigan, 1969.
———. “The Story of an Eighteenth-Century Ottoman Festival.” Muqarnas 10 (1993): 181–200.
Atil, Esin, and Levni. Levni ve Surname: Bir osmanli senliginin Öyküsü. Istanbul: Koçbank, 1999.
Atkinson, James. The Expedition into Afghanistan: Notes and Sketches Descriptive of the Country, Contained in a Personal Narrative during the Campaign of 1839 & 1840, up to the Surrender of Dost Mahomed Khan. London: W. H. Allen & Co., 1842.
Avanzini, Alessandra, and G. W. Bowersock, eds. “Perfumes and Power.” In Profumi d’Arabia: Atti Del Convegno, 543–56. Rome: “L’Erma” di Bretschneider, 1997.
Avigad, Nahman. Discovering Jerusalem. Jerusalem: Shikmona and the Israel Exploration Society, 1983.
Avi-Yonah, Michael. The Madaba Mosaic Map with Introduction and Commentary. Jerusalem: Israel Exploration Society, 1954.
Aziz, Khursheed Kamal. The Meaning of Islamic Art: Explorations in Religious Symbolism and Social Relevance. Lahore: al-Faisal, 2004.
Babur, Zahir Al Din Muhammad. Bâburnâma: Chaghatay Turkish Text with Abdul-Rahim Khankhanan’s Persian Translation. Translated by W. M. Thackston. Cambridge, Mass.: Department of Near Eastern Languages and Civilizations, Harvard University, 1993.
———. Babur-Nama. Translated by Annette Susannah Beveridge. Lahore: Sang-e-Meel Publications, 2002.
———. The Baburnama: Memoirs of Babur, Prince and Emperor. Edited and translated by W. M. Thackston. Washington, D.C.; New York: Freer Gallery of Art, Arthur M. Sackler Gallery, Smithsonian Institution; Oxford University Press, 1996.
Bailey, Gauvin. “The Sweet-Smelling Notebook: An Unpublished Mughal Source on Garden Design.” In Gardens in the Time of the Great Muslim Empires: Theory and Design, edited by Attilio Petruccioli, 129–39. Leiden; New York; Cologne: Brill, 1997.
Ballester-Olmos, José Francisco. El Jardín valenciano: Origen y caracterización estilística. Valencia: Universidad Politécnica de Valencia, 1998.
Bannerji, S. K. “Shah Jehan’s Monuments in Agra.“ Journal of United Provinces Historical Society 17 (1944): 55–70.
———. “Shah Jehan’s Monuments in Delhi and Ajmer.” Journal of United Provinces Historical Society 19 (1946): 148–62.
Barkan, Ömer Lutfi. XV ve XVI’inci asırlarda Osmanlı imparatorluğunda ziraı̄ ekonominin hukukı̄ ve malı̄ esasları. Istanbul: Bürhaneddin Matbaası, 1945.
Bauer, Thomas. Das Pflanzenbuch des Abū Ḥanīfa ad-Dīnawarı̄. Wiesbaden: Harrasowitz, 1988.
Bayrakdar, Mehmet, and Dawud ibn Mahmud Qaysari. Kayserili Dâvûd: (Dâvûdu’l-Kayserî). [Ankara]: Kültür ve Turizm Bakanlığı, 1988.
Beach, Milo Cleveland, Ebba Koch, and W. M. Thackston. King of the World: The Padshahnama; An Imperial Mughal Manuscript from the Royal Library, Windsor Castle. London: Azimuth Editions; Distributed by Thames and Hudson, 1997.
Beaudouin, Eugène E. “Ispahan sous les grands Chahs, XVIIe siècle.” Urbanisme 2, no. 10 (1933): 8–42.
Bedal, Leigh-Ann. The Petra Pool-Complex: A Hellenistic Paradeisos in the Nabataean Capital (Results from the Petra “Lower Market” Survey and Excavation, 1998). Piscataway, N.J.: Gorgias Press, 2004.
Bedreddin, Şeyh. Vâridât. Translated by Cemil Yener. Istanbul: Elif Yayınları, 1970.
Begley, Wayne. “The Garden of the Taj Majal: A Case Study of Mughal Architectural Planning and Symbolism.” In Mughal Gardens: Sources, Places, Representations, and Prospects, edited by James L. Wescoat Jr. and Joachim Wolschke-Bulmahn, 213–31. Washington, D.C.: Dumbarton Oaks, 1996.
———. “The Myth of the Taj Mahal and a New Theory of Its Symbolic Meaning.” Arts Bulletin 61 (1979): 7–37.
Begley, Wayne, and Z. A. Desai. Taj Mahal: The Illumined Tomb: An Anthology of Seventeenth-Century Mughal and European Documentary Sources. Cambridge, MA: Agha Khan Program for Islamic Architecture, 1989.
Behrens-Abousseif, Doris. Azbakkiya and Ist Environs from Azbak to Isma’il, 1476-1879. Cairo: Institut Français d’Archéologie Orientale, 1985.
———. “Gardens in Islamic Egypt.” Der Islam 69, no. 2 (1992): 302–12.
Bellafiore, Giuseppe. La Zisa di Palermo. Palermo: Flaccovio, 1978.
———. Architettura in Sicilia nella eta islamica e normana (827-1194). Palermo: Arnolod Lombardi Editore, 1990.
Beltrán Martínez, Antonio. La Aljafería. Zaragoza: Cortes de Aragón, 1998.
Ben Arie, Jesosua. “Comparison of the Quarrying Systems of Caves and Pits of Beth Guvrin.” Studies in the Geography of Israel 6 (1968): 126–36.
Ben David, Haim. “Oil Presses and Oil Production in the Golan in the Mishnaic and Talmudic Period.” ‛Atiqot 34 (1998): 1–62, 5*–6*.
Bergdolt, Ernst. “Beiträge zur Geschichte der Botanik im Orient I.” Berichte der deutschen botanischen Gesellschaft 50, no. 6 (1932): 321–36.
———. “Beiträge zur Geschichte der Botanik im Orient III: Wasseranzeigende Pflanzen.” Berichte der deutschen botanischen Gesellschaft 54, no. 2 (1936): 127–34.
Berkes, Niyazi. The Development of Secularism in Turkey. Montreal: McGill University Press, 1964.
Bermúdez de Pedraza, Francisco. Antiguëdad y excelencias de Granada. Madrid: Luis Sanchez, 1608.
Bermúdez Pareja, Jesus. “El Generalife después del incendio de 1958.” Cuadernos de la Alhambra 1 (1965): 9–39.
Bernier, François. Travels in the Mogul Empire, AD 1656–1668. Edited by Archibald Constable and Vincent A. Smith. Translated by Irving Brock. 2nd ed. New Delhi: Oriental Reprint, 1983.
———. Un libertin dans l’Inde moghole: les voyages de François Bernier, 1656–1669. Collection Magellane. Paris: Chandeigne, 2008.
Beşir Çelebi. Tarih-i Edirne. Edited by İsmail Ertaylan. Istanbul: Edebiyat Fakültesi Matbaası, 1960.
Beveridge, Annette Susannah. Bābur-Nāma (Memoirs of Bābur). New Delhi: Oriental Books Reprint Corp., 1970.
Beyan-ı Menazil-i Sefer-i Irakeyn. Istanbul University Rare Books and Manuscripts Library.
Bilgin, Bülent. Geçmişte Yıldız Sarayı. Istanbul: Yıldız Sarayı Vakfı, 1988.
Bingley, A. H. Caste, Tribes & Culture of Rajputs. Edited by Krishna Prakash Bahadur. Rev. ed. Delhi: Ess Ess Publications, 1978.
Bisheh, Gazhi. “Hammam Al-Sarah in the Light of Recent Excavations.” Damaszener Mitteilungen 4 (1989): 225–30.
———. “Qasr Al-Hallabat: An Umayyad Desert Retreat or Farm Land.” Studies on the History and Archaeology of Jordan 2 (1985): 263–65.
Blake, Stephen P. Half the World: The Social Architecture of Safavid Isfahan, 1590–1722. Costa Mesa, Calif.: Mazda Pub., 1999.
Blunt, Wilfird. “The Persian Garden Under Islam.” Apollo 103, nos. 170–72 (1976): 302–6.
Bonet Correa, Antonio. “El Renacimiento y el Barroco en los jardines musulmanes españoles.” Cuadernos de la Alhambra 4 (1965): 3–20.
Bouchnik, Ram, Guy Bar-Oz, and Roni Reich. “Animal Remains from the City Dump of Jerusalem in the Late Second Temple Period.” New Studies on Jerusalem 10 (2004): 71–80.
Bowersock, G. W. Roman Arabia. Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 1983.
Brand, Michael. “The Shahdara Gardens of Lahore.” In Mughal Gardens: Sources, Places, Representations, and Prospects, edited by James L. Wescoat and Joachim Wolschke-Bulmahn, 189–212. Washington, D.C.: Dumbarton Oaks Research Library and Collection, 1996.
Brand, Michael, and Glenn D. Lowry, eds. Fatehpur-Sikri: A Sourcebook. Cambridge, Mass.: Aga Khan Program for Islamic Architecture at Harvard University and the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1985.
Breckle, Siegmar-Walter, Wolfgang Frey, and Ian C. Hedge. “Botanical Literature of Afghanistan.” Notes from the Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh 29 (1969): 357–71.
Briant, Pierre. Darius dans l’ombre d’Alexandre. Paris: Fayard, 2003.
Brignoli, Jean-Do. “Architecture et pouvoir: Hiérarchisation de l’espace et symbolique royale dans les complexes palatiaux safavides et qâdjârs.” DEA, Université Aix-Marseille I, 2000.
———. “Pascal Coste en Perse (1839–1842). L’apport d’un orientaliste à la recherche sur l’architecture palatiale: le cas d’Isfahan.” In L’Orient des architectes. Aix-en-Provence: Publications de l’Université de Provence, 2006.
Broshi, Magen. “Demographic Changes in Ancient Eretz-Israel: Methodology and Estimates.” In Man and Land in Eretz-Israel in Antiquity, edited by Aharon Oppenheimer, Aryeh Kasher, and Uriel Rappaport, 49–56. Jerusalem: Yad Izhak Ben Zvi, 1986.
Brothers, Cammy. “The Renaissance Reception of the Alhambra: The Letters of Andrea Navagero and the Palace of Charles V.” Muqarnas 11 (1994): 79–102.
Brownlow, Margaret E. Herbs and the Fragrant Garden. 2nd rev. and enl. New York: McGraw-Hill, 1963.
Bruyn, Cornelis de. Voyages de Corneille le Brun par la Moscovie, en Perse, et aux Indes orientales. Amsterdam: chez les Frères Wetstein, 1718.
Bujarrabal, Maria Luisa, and José Luis Sancho. “El palacio mudéjar de Tordesillas.” Reales Sitios 106 (1990): 29–36.
Burnes, Sir Alexander. Cabool: Being a Personal Narrative of a Journey To, and Residence in That City, in the Years 1836, 1837 and 1838. London, 1842.
Busbecq, Ogier Ghislain de. The Turkish Letters of Ogier Ghiselin de Busbecq, Imperial Ambassador at Constantinople, 1554–1562. Translated by Edward Foster. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1968.
———. The Life and Letters of Ogier Ghiselin de Busbecq. Edited by Charles Thornton Forster and Francis Henry Blackburne Daniell. London: C. K. Paul, 1881.
Byne, M. S., and A. Byne. Spanish Gardens and Patios. London: J. B. Lippincott Co., 1928.
Byron, Robert. The Road to Oxiana. New York: Oxford University Press, 1982.
Cabo-González, Ana M. “The Study of the Evolution of Fruits Preservation Techniques in the Iberian Peninsula Through the Agronomic Andalusian Works, Their Roman Antecedents and Posterior Footprint in the Renaissance.” Arabic Sciences and Philosophy 24, no. 1 (2014): 139–68.
Çalış, B. Deniz. “Ideal and Real Spaces of Imagination: Continuity and Change in Ottoman Rituals of Poetry (Istanbul, 1453–1730).” PhD dissertation, Middle East Technical University, 2004.
Can, Selman. Belgelerle Çırağan Sarayı. 1st ed. Ankara: T.C. Kültür Bakanlığı, 1999.
Canaye, Philippe, sieur de Fresne, and Henri Hauser. Le voyage du Levant de Philippe du Fresne-Canaye (1573). Frankfurt am Main: Institute for the History of Arabic-Islamic Science, 1995.
Caro Baroja, Julio. Los moriscos del reino de Granada; Ensayo de historia social. Madrid: Instituto de Estudios Políticos, 1957.
Caro, Rodrigo. Antigüedades y principado de la ilustrísima ciudad de Sevilla: Y chorographia de su convento júridico, o, antigua cancillería. Seville: A. Grande, 1634.
Carroll, Maureen. Earthly Paradises: Ancient Gardens in History and Archaeology. Los Angeles: J. Paul Getty Museum, 2003.
Casares, Manuel, José Tito, and Esther Cruces. “El jardín del Patio de la Acequia del Generalife. I. Su evolución en la documentación escrita y gráfica.” Cuadernos de la Alhambra 39 (2003): 63–86.
Casares, Manuel, José Tito, and M. Socorro. “El jardín del Patio de la Acequia del Generalife. II. Consideraciones a partir del análisis palinológico.” Cuadernos de la Alhambra 39 (2003): 87–108.
Çeçen, Kâzım. İstanbul’un Osmanlı dönemi suyolları. Edited by Celâl Kolay. Istanbul: [İstanbul Büyük Şehir Belediyesi, İstanbul su ve Kanalizasyon İdaresi], 1999.
Cerasi, Maurice. “Town and Architecture in the 18th Century.” In Istanbul, Constantinople, Byzantium. Bologna: Éditrice compositori, 1997.
Chakravarti and Chhabra, Epigraphia Indica 29–30 (1951–1953).
Chardin, Jean. Voyages du chevalier Chardin en Perse et autres lieux de l’Orient: Enrichis de figures en taille-douce. New ed. Amsterdam: De la Compagnie, 1735.
Cherian, Danny. “Land, Water and Urban Form in Sultanate Delhi: Hydraulics and City Planning from 1200-1500 A.D.” In Landscapes of Water: History, Innovation and Sustainable Design: Proceedings of the International Conference, Monopoli, 26-29 September, 2002, edited by Umberto Fratino, 1:225–28. Bari: Uniongrafica Corcelli Editrice, 2002.
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———. The Sufi Path of Knowledge: Ibn Al-ʻArabi’s Metaphysics of Imagination. Albany: State University of New York Press, 1989.
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von Kremer, Alfred. Semitische Kulturentlehnungen aus dem Plfanzen- und Tierreiche. Stuttgart: Verlag der J. G. Cotta‘schen Buchhandlung, 1875.
Watson, Andrew. Agricultural Innovation in the Early Islamic World: The Diffusion of Crops and Farming Techniques. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1983.
———. “The Arab Agricultural Revolution and Its Diffusion – 711-1100.” Journal of Economic History 34 (1974): 8–35.
Weber, Edgar. “La ville de cuivre, une wille d’al-Andalus.” Sharq al-Andalus 6 (1989): 43–81.
Weitzmann, Kurt. “The Greek Sources of Islamic Scientific Illustrations.” Archaeologica Orientalia in Memoriam Ernst Herzfeld, edited by G. Miles, 244–66. Locust Valley, NY: J. J. Augustin, 1952.
Welch, Anthony. “Gardens That Babur Did Not Like: Landscape, Water and Architecture for the Sultans of Delhi.” In Mughal Gardens: Sources, Places, Representations, and Prospects, edited by James L. Wescoat and Joachim Wolschke-Bulmahn, 59–94. Washington, D.C.: Dumbarton Oaks Research Library and Collection, 1996.
———. “Hydraulic Architecture in Medieval India: The Tughluqs.” Environmental Design (1985): 74–81.
Welch, Stuart Cary. Wonders of the Age: Masterpieces of Early Safavid Painting, 1501–1576. Cambridge, Ma.: Fogg Art Museum, Harvard University, 1979.
Wengel, Tassilo. The Art of Gardening through the Ages. Leipzig: Edition Leipzig, 1987.
Wescoat, James L, Jr. “Early Water Systems in Mughal India.” Environmental Design: Journal of the Islamic Environmental Design Research Centre 2 (1986): 50–57.
———. “Gardens of Conquest and Transformation: Lessons from the Earliest Mughal Gardens in India.” Landscape Journal 10, no. 2 (1991): 105–14.
———. “Gardens of Invention and Exile: The Precarious Context of Mughal Garden Design During the Reign of Humayun (1530–1556).” Journal of Garden History 10 (1990): 106–16.
———. “Garden versus Citadels: The Territorial Context of Early Mughal Gardens.” In Garden History: Issues, Approaches, Methods, edited by John Dixon Hunt, 331–58. Washington, D.C.: Dumbarton Oaks Research Library and Collection, 1992.
———. “L’acqua nei giardini islamici: Religione, rappresentazione e realta.” In Il giardino islamico: Architettura, natura, paesaggio, edited by Attilio Petruccioli, 109–26. Milano: Electa, 1994.
———. “Mughal Gardens: The Re-Emergence of Comparative Possibilities and the Wavering of Practical Concerns.” In Perspectives on Garden Histories, edited by Michel Conan, 107–26. Washington, D.C.: Dumbarton Oaks Research Library and Collection, 1999.
———. “Picturing an Early Mughal Garden.” Asian Art 2 (1989): 59–79.
———. “Waterworks and Landscape Design at the Mahtab Bagh.” In The Moonlight Garden: New Discoveries at the Taj Mahal, edited by Elizabeth Moynihan, 59–78. Washington, D.C.: Arthur M. Sackler Gallery, 2000.
Wescoat, James L., Jr., Michael Brand, and Naeem Mir. “The Shadara Gardens of Lahore: Site Documentation and Spatial Analysis.” Pakistan Archaeology 25 (1993): 333–66.
Westcoat, James L., Jr., and Gilbert White. Water for Life: Water Management and Environmental Policy. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2003.
Wescoat, James L., Jr., and Joachim Wolschke-Bulmahn, eds. Mughal Gardens: Sources, Places, Representations, and Prospects. Washington, D.C.: Dumbarton Oaks Research Library and Collection, 1996.
Westholm, Alfred. Cornelius Loos: Teckningar från en expedition till Främre Orienten 1710–1711. Stockholm: Nationalmuseum, 1985.
Wilber, Donald Newton. Persian Gardens and Garden Pavilions. 2nd ed. Washington, D.C.: Dumbarton Oaks, 1979.
Wilkinson, Taylor J. “The Archaeological Component of Agricultural Soils in the Middle East: The Effects of Manuring in Antiquity.” In Man-Made Soils, edited by Willy Groenman-van Waateringe and Mark Robinson, 93–114. Oxford: B.A.R., 1988.
———. “The Definition of Ancient Manured Zones by Means of Extensive Sherd-Sampling Techniques.” Journal of Field Archaeology 9 (1982): 323–33.
Will, Ernest, and F. Larché. ʻIraq al-Amir: Le château du tobiade Hyrcan. Paris: Libr. orientaliste P. Geuthner, 1991.
Wittfogel, Karl August. Oriental Despotism: A Comparative Study of Total Power. New Haven: Yale University Press, 1957.
Wolschke-Buhlman, Joachim. “The Study of Byzantine Gardens: Some Questions and Observations from a Garden Historian.” In Byzantine Garden Culture, edited by Antony Robert Littlewood, Henry Maguire, and Joachim Wolschke-Bulmahn, 1–12. Washington, D.C.: Dumbarton Oaks Research Library and Collection, 2002.
Wüstenfeld, Ferdinand. Geschichte der arabischen Ärzte und Naturforscher. Göttingen: Vandenhoeck und Ruprecht, 1840.
Xenophon. Anabasis. Translated by Carleton L. Brownson. Rev. ed. Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 1998.
Yaʻqubi, Ahmad. Les pays. Translated by Geston Wiet. Cairo, 1937.
Yadgar, Ahmad. Tārīkh-i Shāhī, maʻrūf bih, Tārīkh-i Salāṭin-i Afāghinah. Edited by M. Hidayat Hosain. Calcutta: Royal Asiatic Society, 1939.
Yamashita, Kōsuke, et al., eds. Results of the Kyoto University Scientific Expedition to the Karakoram and Hindukush, 1955. 8 vols. Kyoto: Committee of the Kyoto University Scientific Expedition to the Karakoram and Hindukush, Kyoto University, 1960.
Yıldız, Demiriz. “Tulips in Ottoman Turkish Culture and Art.” In The Tulip: A Symbol of Two Nations, edited by Michiel Roding and Hans Theunissen, 57–75. Utrecht: M. Th. Houtsma Stichting, 1993.
Yirmisekiz Mehmet Çelebi. Paris’te bir Osmanlı sefiri: Yirmisekiz Mehmet Çelebi’nin Fransa seyahatnamesi; Anı. Edited by Şevket Rado. Istanbul: Türkiye İş Bankası Kültür Yayınları, 2008.
Yöntem, Ali Canip. “1730 İhtilali ve Şair Nedim’in Ölümü.” In İstanbul armağanı, edited by Mustafa Armağan, 4:335–40. Istanbul: İstanbul Büyükşehir Belediyesi Kültür İşleri Daire Başkanlığı, 2000.
Zajadacz-Hastenrath, Salome. “A Note on Babur’s Lost Funerary Enclosure at Kabul.” Muqarnas 14 (1997): 135–42.
Zangheri, Luigi, Brunella Lorenzi, and Nausikaa M. Rahmati, eds. Il giardino islamico. Florence: L. S. Olschki, 2006.
Zertal, A., and Nivi Mirkam. “Hewn Vineyards: Unknown Agricultural System from the Roman and Byzantine Period in Samaria.” In The Manasseh Hill-Country Survey. Vol. 3, From Nahal ‘Iron to Naham Shechem, 461–67. Tel Aviv; Haifa: Haifa University Press, 2000.
Ziad, Zeenut. The Magnificent Mughals. Oxford; New York: Oxford University Press, 2002.
B. Deniz Çalış compiled the bibliographies of authors who contributed to Middle East Garden Traditions: Unity and Diversity; Questions, Methods and Resources in a Multicultural Perspective. To this have been added references from the garden catalogue introductions as well as references for the multilingual glossary. The original project bibliography was supplemented in 2020 with new entries added by Sasson Chahanovich, 2018–2020 William R. Tyler Fellow.
Last updated: 29 January 2020.
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Abdi. 1730 Patrona ihtilâli hakkinda bir eser tarihi. Edited by Faik Reşit Unat. Ankara: Türk tarih kurumu, 1943.
Abdi Bayg Shirazi, Zayn al-ʻAbidin ʻAli. Dawḥat al-azhār. Edited by Abulfaz Rahimov and ʻAli Minaʼi. Moscow: Idārah-ʼi Intishārāt-i Dānish, 1974.
Abu al-Fazl ʻAllami. The Akbar Nāmā of Abu-l-Fazl. Translated by Henry Beveridge. Calcutta: Asiatic Society of Bengal, 1897.
———. The Akbar Nāma of Abu-l-Fazl: History of the Reign of Akbar Including an Account of His Predecessors. Translated by Beveridge Henry. Delhi: Ess Ess Publications, 1977.
———. The Āʾīn-i Akbarī. Edited by S. L. Goomer. Translated by H. Blochmann. 2nd ed. Delhi: Aadiesh Book Depot, 1965.
Abu-Lughod, Janet. Cairo: 1001 Years of the City Victorious. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1971.
Agarwal, Anil, and Sunita Narain. Dying Wisdom: Rise, Fall and Potential of India’s Traditional Water Harvesting Systems. New Delhi: Centre for Science and Environ, 1997.
Ahmet Cevdet Paşa. Cevdet Paşa tarihinden seçmeler. Istanbul: Millî Eğitim Bakanlığı, 1994.
Aitchison, James Edward Tierney. Notes on the Products of Western Afghanistan and of North-Eastern Persia. Edinburgh: Neill, 1890.
Aktepe, M. Münir. “18. Yüzyılın İlk Yarısında Kağıthane ve Sadabad.” TTOK Belleteni 72 (1984–85): 14–19.
———. “Dâmâd Ibrahim Pasa devrinde lâle.” Tarih Dergisi 4, no. 7 (1952): 85–126.
———. “Dâmâd Ibrahim Pasa devrinde lâle.” Tarih Dergisi 5, no. 8 (1953): 85–104.
———. “Dâmâd Ibrahim Pasa devrinde lâle.” Tarih Dergisi 6, no. 9 (1954): 23–28.
———. “Dâmâd Ibrahim Pasa devrinde lâle.” Tarih Dergisi 13, nos. 17–18 (1963): 17–25.
———. “İstanbul Fenerbahçesi hakkında bazı bilgiler.” Edebiyat Fakultesi Tarih Dergisi 32 (1979): 349–72.
———. “Kağıthane’ye Dair Bazı Bilgiler.” In Ord. Prof. İsmail Hakkı Uzunçarşılı’ya armağan, 335–63. Ankara: Türk Tarih Kurumu, 1976.
Al-Baghdadi, Abu Khatib. Tārīkh Baghdād aw madīnat al-salām. Beirut: Dār al-Kitāb al-ʻArabī, 1966.
Alcántara, Emilio Lafuente y. Inscripciones árabes de Granada: Precedidas de una reseña histórica y de la genealogia detallada de los reyes Alahmares. Madrid: Imprenta nacional, 1859.
Alemany Bolufer, Jose. “La geografía de la península Ibérica en los escritores árabes.” Revista del Centro de Estudies Historicos de Grandada y su Reino 9 (1919): 136–42.
Alemi, Mahvash. “Chahar Bagh.” Environmental Design: Journal of the Islamic Environmental Design Research Centre 1 (1966): 38–45.
———. “I giardini reali di Ashraf e Farahâbâd.” In Il giardino islamico: Architettura, natura, paesaggio, edited by Attilio Petruccioli, 201–16. Milano: Electa, 1994.
———. “Il giardino persiano: tipi e modelli.” In Il giardino islamico: Architettura, natura, paesaggio, edited by Attilio Petruccioli, 39–62. Milan: Electa, 1994.
———. “The Royal Gardens of the Safavid Period: Types and Models.” In Gardens in the Time of the Great Muslim Empires: Theory and Design, edited by Attilio Petruccioli, 71–96. Leiden; New York: Brill, 1997.
Al-Fashtali. Manâhil al-safâ fî akhbâr al-mulûk al-shurafâ. Rabat: A. Gannoun, 1964.
Alfieri, Bianca Maria. Islamic Architecture of the Indian Subcontinent. London: Laurence Kind, 2000.
Allen, Terry. “Imagining Paradise in Islamic Art.” Sebastopol, CA: Solipsist Press, 1993.
———. Timurid Herat. Wiesbaden: Reichert, 1983.
———. “The Tombs of the ‘Abbasid Caliphs in Baghdad.” Bulletin of the School of Oriental and African Studies 46 (1983): 421–31.
Alley, Kelly D. On the Banks of the Gaṅgā: When Wastewater Meets a Sacred River. Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press, 2002.
Almagro Gorbea, Antonio. El palacio omeya de Amman. 3 vols. Madrid: Instituto Hispano-Arabe de Cultura, Direccion General de Relaciones Culturales, 1983–2000.
———. “El Patio del Crucero de los Reales Alcázares de Sevilla.” Al-Qantara 20 (1999): 331–76.
———. “Jardín con plantas (y alzados) de papel.” In Arquitectura en al-Andalus, documentos para el siglo XXI, edited by A. Jiménez, 205–84. Granada: El Legado Andalusí, 1996.
———. Planimetría del Alcázar de Sevilla. Granada: R. A., CSIC, 2000.
———. “A La arquitectura en al-Andalus en torno al año 1000: Madinat al-Zahra.” In La península ibérica en torno al año 1000: VII congreso de estudios medievales: [León, 27 de septiembre al 1 de octubre de 1999], 165–91. Ávila: Fundación Sánchez-Albornoz, 2001.
———. “La recuperación del jardín medieval del Patio de las Doncellas.” Apuntes del Alcázar de Sevilla 6 (2005): 44–67.
———. “El palacio de Pedro I en Tordesillas: Realidad e hipótesis.” Reales Sitios 163 (2005): 2–13.
———. “Preserving the Architectural Heritage of Al-Andalus: From Restoration to Virtual Reconstruction.” Al-Masaq 19, no. 2 (2007): 155–75.
———. “Una nueva interpretación del patio de la Casa de Contratación del Alcázar de Sevilla.” Al-Qantara 28, no. 1 (2007): 181–228.
Almagro, Antonio, and Ana Almagro-Vidal. “La expresión gráfica en el análisis del Patrimonio: El patio del Crucero del Alcázar de Sevilla.” In Actas del IX Congreso internacional de Expresión Gráfica Arquitectónica, EGA 2002, Re-Visiones: enfoques en docencia e investigación, 517–22. La Coruña, 2002.
Almagro, Antonio, et al. “Madinat al-Zahra, Investigación y representación.” In VIII Congreso Ibero-Americano de Gráfica Digital, SIGraDi 2004, El sentido y el universo digital, 47–49. São Leopoldo (Brasil), 2004.
Almagro, Antonio, and Antonio Orihuela. “El Cuarto Real de Santo Domingo de Granada.” In Casas y palacios de Al-Andalus, siglos XII y XIII, edited by Julio Navarro Palazón, 241–53. [Málaga]: Junta de Andalucía, 1995.
———. “Propuesta de intervención en el Cuarto Real de Santo Domingo (Granada).” Logia 4 (1997): 22–29.
Almagro Basch, Martín, et al. Qusayr ʻAmra: Residencia y baños omeyas en el desierto de Jordania. Madrid: Ministerio de Asuntos Exteriores, Dirección General de Relaciones Culturales, y Junta para la Protección de Monumentos y Bienes Culturales en el Exterior, 1975.
Almagro-Vidal, Ana. “La evolución del espacio en la arquitectura palatina andalusí. Un análisis perceptivo a través de la infografía.” Unpublished PhD Thesis, Universidad de Granada, 2005.
Al-Maqqari, Ahmad. The History of the Mohammedan Dynasties in Spain. Translated by Pascual Gayangos. 2 vols. Delhi: Idarah-i Adabiyat-i Delli, 1984.
Alvi, M. A. Jahangir: The Naturalist. National Institute of Sciences of India, 1968.
Alvi, Mujtaba Ahmad, and Abdur Rahman. Jahangir: The Naturalist. Reprint. New Delhi: Indian national science academy, 1989.
Amar, Zohar. The Book of Incense. Tel Aviv: Erets; ha-Mador le-toldot ha-refuʼah be-Erets-Yiśraʼel; Merkaz Ingeborg Renerṭ le-limude Yerushalayim, 2002.
Amar, Zohar, and Afraim Lev. “Trends in the Use of Perfumes and Incense in the Near East After the Muslim Conquests.” Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society 23, no. 1 (2013): 11–30.
Ameli, Abdullah J., A. Montazer, and S. Ayvazian. “Repères sur l’évolution urbaine d’Ispahan.” In Maison d’Ispahan, edited by Darab Diba, P. Revault, and S. Santelli, 23–43. Paris: Maisonneuve & Larose, 2001.
Amit, David, Joseph Patrich, and Yizhar Hirschfeld, eds. The Aqueducts of Israel. Portsmouth, R.I.: Journal of Roman Archaeology, 2002.
Andrews, Walter G. Poetry’s Voice, Society’s Song: Ottoman Lyric Poetry. Seattle: University of Washington Press, 1985.
Andrews, Walter G., Najaat Black, and Mehmet Kalpaklı. Ottoman Lyric Poetry: An Anthology. Austin: University of Texas Press, 1997.
Andrews, Walter G., and Mehmet Kalpaklı. The Age of Beloveds: Love and the Beloved in Early-Modern Ottoman and European Culture and Society. Durham: Duke University Press, 2005.
Anonymous (Archbishop of Ancyrus). Relation d’une mission faite nouvellement par Mgr l’archevêque d’Ancyre à Ispahan en Perse, pour la réunion des Arméniens à l’Eglise catholique. Paris: Jean de Nully, 1702.
Archaeological Survey of India—Photographs in the India Office Collections in the British Library. Surrey: Emmett Publishers, 1993.
Arel, Ayda. Onsekizinci yüzyıl Istanbul mimarısınde batılılasma süreci. Istanbul: I.T.U. Mimarlık Fakültesi Baskı Atölyesi, 1975.
Arianpour, Ali-Reza. Bāghhā-i tārīkh-i Shirāz. Tehran: Farhang-Sara, 1986.
Arié, Rachel. “Une metropole hispanomusulmane au Bas Moyen Age: Grenade nasride.” Les cahiers de Tunisie 34, nos. 137–38 (1986): 47–67.
Arjona Castro, Antonio. Anales de Córdoba musulmana, 711–1008. Córdoba: Monte de Piedad y Caja de Ahorros de Córdoba, 1982.
Armağan, Mustafa, ed. İstanbul armağanı. Istanbul: İstanbul Büyükşehir Belediyesi Kültür İşleri Daire Başkanlığı, 1995.
Arnold, Felix. “El área palatina: Evolución arquitectónica.” In La Alcazaba: Fragmentos para una historia de Almería, edited by Ángela Suárez Márquez, 91–110. Seville: Junta de Andalucía, Consejería de Cultura, 2005.
———. “Islamische Wohnburgen auf der iberischen Halbinsel: Neue Ergebnisse einer Bauaufnahme in Almería.” Architectura: Zeitschrift Für Geschichte Der Baukunst 33, no. 2 (2003): 153–74.
Arnold, Thomas Walker. Chronicle of Akbar the Great: A Description of a Manuscript of the Akbar-Nāma Illustrated by the Court Painters. Oxford: Printed for presentation to the members of the Roxburghe Club, 1937.
Arslan, Mehmet. Türk edebiyatında manzum surnâmeler: Osmanlı saray düğünleri ve şenlikleri. Maltepe, Ankara: Atatürk Kültür Merkezi Başkanlığı, 1999.
Artan, Tülay. “Architecture as a Theatre of Life: Profile of the Eighteenth Century Bosphorus.” PhD dissertation, MIT, 1989.
Asher, Catherine B. Architecture of Mughal India. 1st ed. Cambridge and New York: Cambridge University Press, 1992.
———. “Babur and the Timurid Char Bagh: Use and Meaning.” In Mughal Architecture: Pomp and Ceremonies, 46–55. Rome: Dell’Oca, 1991.
———. “Gardens of the Nobility: Raja Man Singh and the Bagh-I Wah.” In The Mughal Garden: Interpretation, Conservation and Implications, edited by Mahmood Hussain, Abdul Rehman, and James L. Wescoat, 61–72. Rawalpindi: Ferozsons, 1996.
——— “The Mausoleum of Sher Shah Suri.” Artibus Asiae 39, nos. 3-4 (1977): 273–98.
———. “Sub-Imperial Palaces: Power and Authority in Mughal India.” Ars Orientalis 23 (1993): 281–302.
Asher, Catherine B., and Cynthia Talbot. India before Europe. New York: Cambridge University Press, 2006.
Asif, Muhammad Hashim, and ʻAzızullah ʻAlızadah. Rustam al-tavārı̄kh. Tehran: Firdaws, 2001.
Asiltürk, Bâki. Osmanlı seyyahlarının gözüyle Avrupa. Istanbul: Kaknüs Yayınları, 2000.
Aşkar, Mustafa. Molla Fenârı̂ ve vahdet-i vücûd anlayışı. Ankara: Muradiye Kültür Vakfı, 1993.
Astarabadi, Husayn ibn Murtaza Husayni. Tārīkh-i sulṭānī: az Shaykh Ṣafī tā Shāh Ṣafī. Edited by Ihsan Ishraqi. Tehran: ʻIlmī, 1987.
Atasoy, Nurhan. 15. yüzyıldan 20. yüzyıla Osmanlı bahçeleri ve hasbahçeler. Istanbul: T.C. Kültür ve Turizm Bakanlığı, Güzel Sanatlar Genel Müdürlüğü, 2005.
———. A Garden for the Sultan: Gardens and Flowers in the Ottoman Culture. 1st ed. [Turkey]: Aygaz, 2002.
Atil, Esin. “Surname-i Vehbi: An Eighteenth Century Ottoman Book of Festivals.” PhD dissertation, University of Michigan, 1969.
———. “The Story of an Eighteenth-Century Ottoman Festival.” Muqarnas 10 (1993): 181–200.
Atil, Esin, and Levni. Levni ve Surname: Bir osmanli senliginin Öyküsü. Istanbul: Koçbank, 1999.
Atkinson, James. The Expedition into Afghanistan: Notes and Sketches Descriptive of the Country, Contained in a Personal Narrative during the Campaign of 1839 & 1840, up to the Surrender of Dost Mahomed Khan. London: W. H. Allen & Co., 1842.
Avanzini, Alessandra, and G. W. Bowersock, eds. “Perfumes and Power.” In Profumi d’Arabia: Atti Del Convegno, 543–56. Rome: “L’Erma” di Bretschneider, 1997.
Avigad, Nahman. Discovering Jerusalem. Jerusalem: Shikmona and the Israel Exploration Society, 1983.
Avi-Yonah, Michael. The Madaba Mosaic Map with Introduction and Commentary. Jerusalem: Israel Exploration Society, 1954.
Aziz, Khursheed Kamal. The Meaning of Islamic Art: Explorations in Religious Symbolism and Social Relevance. Lahore: al-Faisal, 2004.
Babur, Zahir Al Din Muhammad. Bâburnâma: Chaghatay Turkish Text with Abdul-Rahim Khankhanan’s Persian Translation. Translated by W. M. Thackston. Cambridge, Mass.: Department of Near Eastern Languages and Civilizations, Harvard University, 1993.
———. Babur-Nama. Translated by Annette Susannah Beveridge. Lahore: Sang-e-Meel Publications, 2002.
———. The Baburnama: Memoirs of Babur, Prince and Emperor. Edited and translated by W. M. Thackston. Washington, D.C.; New York: Freer Gallery of Art, Arthur M. Sackler Gallery, Smithsonian Institution; Oxford University Press, 1996.
Bailey, Gauvin. “The Sweet-Smelling Notebook: An Unpublished Mughal Source on Garden Design.” In Gardens in the Time of the Great Muslim Empires: Theory and Design, edited by Attilio Petruccioli, 129–39. Leiden; New York; Cologne: Brill, 1997.
Ballester-Olmos, José Francisco. El Jardín valenciano: Origen y caracterización estilística. Valencia: Universidad Politécnica de Valencia, 1998.
Bannerji, S. K. “Shah Jehan’s Monuments in Agra.“ Journal of United Provinces Historical Society 17 (1944): 55–70.
———. “Shah Jehan’s Monuments in Delhi and Ajmer.” Journal of United Provinces Historical Society 19 (1946): 148–62.
Barkan, Ömer Lutfi. XV ve XVI’inci asırlarda Osmanlı imparatorluğunda ziraı̄ ekonominin hukukı̄ ve malı̄ esasları. Istanbul: Bürhaneddin Matbaası, 1945.
Bauer, Thomas. Das Pflanzenbuch des Abū Ḥanīfa ad-Dīnawarı̄. Wiesbaden: Harrasowitz, 1988.
Bayrakdar, Mehmet, and Dawud ibn Mahmud Qaysari. Kayserili Dâvûd: (Dâvûdu’l-Kayserî). [Ankara]: Kültür ve Turizm Bakanlığı, 1988.
Beach, Milo Cleveland, Ebba Koch, and W. M. Thackston. King of the World: The Padshahnama; An Imperial Mughal Manuscript from the Royal Library, Windsor Castle. London: Azimuth Editions; Distributed by Thames and Hudson, 1997.
Beaudouin, Eugène E. “Ispahan sous les grands Chahs, XVIIe siècle.” Urbanisme 2, no. 10 (1933): 8–42.
Bedal, Leigh-Ann. The Petra Pool-Complex: A Hellenistic Paradeisos in the Nabataean Capital (Results from the Petra “Lower Market” Survey and Excavation, 1998). Piscataway, N.J.: Gorgias Press, 2004.
Bedreddin, Şeyh. Vâridât. Translated by Cemil Yener. Istanbul: Elif Yayınları, 1970.
Begley, Wayne. “The Garden of the Taj Majal: A Case Study of Mughal Architectural Planning and Symbolism.” In Mughal Gardens: Sources, Places, Representations, and Prospects, edited by James L. Wescoat Jr. and Joachim Wolschke-Bulmahn, 213–31. Washington, D.C.: Dumbarton Oaks, 1996.
———. “The Myth of the Taj Mahal and a New Theory of Its Symbolic Meaning.” Arts Bulletin 61 (1979): 7–37.
Begley, Wayne, and Z. A. Desai. Taj Mahal: The Illumined Tomb: An Anthology of Seventeenth-Century Mughal and European Documentary Sources. Cambridge, MA: Agha Khan Program for Islamic Architecture, 1989.
Behrens-Abousseif, Doris. Azbakkiya and Ist Environs from Azbak to Isma’il, 1476-1879. Cairo: Institut Français d’Archéologie Orientale, 1985.
———. “Gardens in Islamic Egypt.” Der Islam 69, no. 2 (1992): 302–12.
Bellafiore, Giuseppe. La Zisa di Palermo. Palermo: Flaccovio, 1978.
———. Architettura in Sicilia nella eta islamica e normana (827-1194). Palermo: Arnolod Lombardi Editore, 1990.
Beltrán Martínez, Antonio. La Aljafería. Zaragoza: Cortes de Aragón, 1998.
Ben Arie, Jesosua. “Comparison of the Quarrying Systems of Caves and Pits of Beth Guvrin.” Studies in the Geography of Israel 6 (1968): 126–36.
Ben David, Haim. “Oil Presses and Oil Production in the Golan in the Mishnaic and Talmudic Period.” ‛Atiqot 34 (1998): 1–62, 5*–6*.
Bergdolt, Ernst. “Beiträge zur Geschichte der Botanik im Orient I.” Berichte der deutschen botanischen Gesellschaft 50, no. 6 (1932): 321–36.
———. “Beiträge zur Geschichte der Botanik im Orient III: Wasseranzeigende Pflanzen.” Berichte der deutschen botanischen Gesellschaft 54, no. 2 (1936): 127–34.
Berkes, Niyazi. The Development of Secularism in Turkey. Montreal: McGill University Press, 1964.
Bermúdez de Pedraza, Francisco. Antiguëdad y excelencias de Granada. Madrid: Luis Sanchez, 1608.
Bermúdez Pareja, Jesus. “El Generalife después del incendio de 1958.” Cuadernos de la Alhambra 1 (1965): 9–39.
Bernier, François. Travels in the Mogul Empire, AD 1656–1668. Edited by Archibald Constable and Vincent A. Smith. Translated by Irving Brock. 2nd ed. New Delhi: Oriental Reprint, 1983.
———. Un libertin dans l’Inde moghole: les voyages de François Bernier, 1656–1669. Collection Magellane. Paris: Chandeigne, 2008.
Beşir Çelebi. Tarih-i Edirne. Edited by İsmail Ertaylan. Istanbul: Edebiyat Fakültesi Matbaası, 1960.
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