Archnet > Publication > اسكيشهر من العصر العثماني الى الفترة الى الفترة الجمهورية

İhsan Güneş - <div><br></div><div><div>Güneş, İhsan et al. Osmanlı'dan Cumhuriyet'e Eskişehir, 1840-1923. Eskişehir: Anadolu Üniversitesi, 2007, 286pp.</div><div><br></div><div style="text-align: center; "><span style="font-weight: bold;">ملخص</span></div><div style="text-align: center; "><span style="font-weight: bold;"><br></span></div><div style="text-align: center; "><span style="font-weight: bold;">إسكيشهر من العصر العثماني إلى الفترة الجمهورية : ١٨٤٠ - ١٩٢٣ </span></div><div><br></div><div style="text-align: center; "><span style="font-style: italic;">Osmanlı'dan Cumhuriyet'e Eskişehir, 1840-1923</span></div></div><div style="text-align: center; "><span style="font-style: italic;"><br></span></div><div style="text-align: center; "><span style="font-style: italic;"><br></span></div><div style="text-align: right;"><p class="MsoNormal" align="right"><span lang="AR-IQ" dir="RTL" style="font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;
mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;mso-hansi-theme-font:
minor-latin;mso-bidi-language:AR-IQ">يهدف ھﺬا اﻟﻜﺘﺎب إﻟﻰ ﺗﺴﻠﯿﻂ اﻟﻀﻮء ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﻤﺸﮭﺪ
اﻟﺘﺎرﯾﺨﻲ ﻟﻤﺮﺣﻠﺔ ﺗﺤﺪﯾﺚ ﻣﺪﯾﻨﺔ إﺳﻜﯿﺸﮭﺮ و اﻟﺘﻲ اﻣﺘﺪت ﺑﯿﻦ ﻋﺎﻣﻲ ١٨٤٠ و ١٩٢٣. و ﯾﻌﺒّﺮ اﻟﻤﺆﻟﻔﻮن
ﻋﻦ اﺳﺘﯿﺎﺋﮭﻢ ﻟﻘﻠﺔ اﻟﻤﺼﺎدر اﻟﺘﻲ ﺗﺘﻨﺎول ھﺬه اﻟﻤﺪﯾﻨﺔ، ﺣﯿﺚ ﯾﺰﻋﻤﻮن ﺑﺄﻧﮭﻢ ﻗﺪ ﻗﺪﻣﻮا ﻛﺘﺎﺑﺎ
ﻗﺎدرا ﻋﻠﻰ ﺳﺪ ھﺬه اﻟﺜﻐﺮة ﻓﻲ ﺗﺎرﯾﺨﮭﺎ ﺑﺎﻻﻋﺘﻤﺎد ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﺎ اﺳﺘﻄﺎﻋﻮ ا اﻟﻮﺻﻮل إﻟﯿﮫ ﻣﻦ ﻣﺼﺎدر.
و ﯾﺘﻀﻤﻦ اﻟﻜﺘﺎب ﻓﻲ ﻧﮭﺎﯾﺘﮫ ﺛﺒﺘﺎ ﻟﻠﻤﺮاﺟﻊ و ﻓﮭﺮﺳﺎ ﯾﻮﺛﻘﺎن اﻟﻤﺼﺎدر اﻟﻤﺴﺘﺨﺪﻣﺔ.</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="right"><span lang="AR-IQ" dir="RTL" style="font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;
mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;mso-hansi-theme-font:
minor-latin;mso-bidi-language:AR-IQ"><br></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="right"><span lang="AR-IQ" dir="RTL" style="font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;
mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;mso-hansi-theme-font:
minor-latin;mso-bidi-language:AR-IQ"><span lang="AR-IQ" dir="RTL" style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 107%;">ﯾﺒﺪأ
اﻟﻜﺘﺎب ﺑﻤﻘﺪﻣﺔ ﺗﻨﺎﻗﺶ ﺗﺎرﯾﺦ إﺳﻜﯿﺸﮭﺮ وﺻﻮﻻ إﻟﻰ اﻟﻘﺮن اﻟﺘﺎﺳﻊ ﻋﺸﺮ ، ﺣﯿﺚ ﯾﺘﻀﻤﻦ ﻣﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎت
ﻋﻦ ﻣﺴﺘﻮطﻨﺎت ﻋﺼﻮر ﻣﺎ ﻗﺒﻞ اﻟﺘﺎرﯾﺦ ﻓﯿﮭﺎ و ﻋﻦ اﻟﺘﻄﻮرات اﻟﺘﺎرﯾﺨﯿﺔ اﻷﺧﺮى اﻟﺘﻲ طﺮأت ﻋﻠﻰ
اﻟﻤﺪﯾﻨﺔ ﺧﻼل اﻟﺤﻘﺒﺎت اﻟﮭﻠﻨﯿﺴﺘﯿﺔ و اﻟﺒﯿﺰﻧﻄﯿﺔ و اﻟﺮوﻣﺎﻧﯿﺔ و اﻟﻌﺜﻤﺎﻧﯿﺔ</span><span lang="AR-IQ" dir="RTL" style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 107%;">.</span><br></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="right"><span lang="AR-IQ" dir="RTL" style="font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;
mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;mso-hansi-theme-font:
minor-latin;mso-bidi-language:AR-IQ"><span lang="AR-IQ" dir="RTL" style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 107%;"><br></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="right"><span lang="AR-IQ" dir="RTL" style="font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;
mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;mso-hansi-theme-font:
minor-latin;mso-bidi-language:AR-IQ"><span lang="AR-IQ" dir="RTL" style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 107%;"><span lang="AR-IQ" dir="RTL" style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 107%;">و وﻓﻘﺎ
ﻟﻠﻌﺪﯾﺪ ﻣﻦ رواﯾﺎت اﻟﺮﺣﺎﻟﺔ، ﻓﻘﺪ ﻛﺎﻧﺖ إﺳﻜﯿﺸﮭﺮ ﻓﻲ ﺑﺪاﯾﺔ اﻟﻘﺮن اﻟﺘﺎﺳﻊ ﻋﺸﺮ ﻣﺪﯾﻨﺔ ﺻﻐﯿﺮة
ﻣﮭﻤﻠﺔ، إﻻ أﻧﮭﺎ دﺧﻠﺖ ﻓﻲ طﻮر اﻟﺤﺪاﺛﺔ ﺧﻼل اﻟﻨﺼﻒ اﻟﺜﺎﻧﻲ ﻣﻦ اﻟﻘﺮن ذاﺗﮫ. و ﯾﻐﻄﻲ ﻗﺴﻤﺎ اﻟﻜﺘﺎب
اﻟﺮﺋﯿﺴﯿﺎن ﺗﻄﻮرات ھﺬه اﻟﻤﺮﺣﻠﺔ ﻓﯿﺼﻒ اﻷول اﻟﺘﻐﯿﺮات اﻟﺘﻲ طﺮأت ﻋﻠﻰ ﻧﻈﺎم اﻟﺤﻜﻢ و وﺳﺎﺋﻞ
اﻟﻨﻘﻞ و اﻟﺼﺤﺔ و اﻟﺒﻨﻰ اﻻﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﯿﺔ و اﻻﻗﺘﺼﺎدﯾﺔ و اﻟﺜﻘﺎﻓﯿﺔ ﻓﻲ اﻟﻤﺪﯾﻨﺔ ﺑﺪءا ﻣﻦ اﻟﻨﺼﻒ
اﻟﺜﺎﻧﻲ ﻣﻦ اﻟﻘﺮن اﻟﺘﺎﺳﻊ ﻋﺸﺮ ﺣﺘﻰ ﺣﺮب اﻻﺳﺘﻘﻼل اﻟﺘﺮﻛﯿﺔ. ﺑﯿﻨﻤﺎ ﯾﻨﻈﺮ اﻟﻘﺴﻢ اﻟﺜﺎﻧﻲ ﻓﻲ ﺗﺒﻌﺎت
اﻷﺣﺪاث اﻟﺘﻲ ﺗﻠﺖ اﻟﺤﺮب اﻟﻌﺎﻟﻤﯿﺔ اﻷوﻟﻰ ﻋﻠﻰ إﺳﻜﯿﺸﮭﺮ، ﻓﯿﻨﺎﻗﺶ اﻟﺤﺮﻛﺔ اﻟﻘﻮﻣﯿﺔ اﻟﺘﻲ اﺷﺘﺪ
ﺳﺎﻋﺪھﺎ ﺑﻌﺪ ﻏﺰو اﻷﻧﺎﺿﻮل و ﺣﺮﻛﺔ اﻟﻤﻘﺎوﻣﺔ اﻟﻤﺤﻠﯿﺔ و ﺗﻮﺣﺪھﺎ ﻣﻊ ﺣﺮﻛﺔ اﻟﻤﻘﺎوﻣﺔ اﻟﻘﻮﻣﯿﺔ
و ﯾﺒﯿﻦ دور ﻣﺪﯾﻨﺔ إﺳﻜﯿﺸﮭﺮ ﺧﻼل ﻓﺘﺮة اﻟﻤﻘﺎوﻣﺔ و ﺗﺄﺛﯿﺮاﺗﮭﺎ ﻋﻠﯿﮭﺎ</span><span lang="AR-IQ" dir="RTL" style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 107%;">. </span><span lang="AR-IQ" dir="RTL" style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 107%;">ﻤﺎ ﯾﻨﺎﻗﺶ اﻟﻘﺴﻢ ذاﺗﮫ ﻛﻼ ﻣﻦ ﺗﺒﻌﺎت ﺣﺮب اﻻﺳﺘﻘﻼل اﻟﺘﺮﻛﯿﺔ
و ﺗﺄﺳﯿﺲ اﻟﺠﻤﮭﻮرﯾﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﻤﺪﯾﻨﺔ أﯾﻀﺎ و دورھﺎ ﻓﻲ ﺗﻠﻚ اﻷﺣﺪاث</span><span lang="AR-IQ" dir="RTL" style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 107%;">.</span><br></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="right"><span lang="AR-IQ" dir="RTL" style="font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;
mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;mso-hansi-theme-font:
minor-latin;mso-bidi-language:AR-IQ"><span lang="AR-IQ" dir="RTL" style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 107%;"><span lang="AR-IQ" dir="RTL" style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 107%;"><br></span></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="right"><span lang="AR-IQ" dir="RTL" style="font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;
mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;mso-hansi-theme-font:
minor-latin;mso-bidi-language:AR-IQ"><span lang="AR-IQ" dir="RTL" style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 107%;"><span lang="AR-IQ" dir="RTL" style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 107%;"><span lang="AR-IQ" dir="RTL" style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 107%;">ﯾﺴﺮد
اﻟﻜﺘﺎب اﻷﺣﺪاث اﻟﺘﻲ ﺟﺮت ﻓﻲ اﻟﻤﺪﯾﻨﺔ ﺧﻼل اﻟﻤﺮاﺣﻞ اﻷﺧﯿﺮة ﻣﻦ ﺣﺮب اﻻﺳﺘﻘﻼل ﻋﻠﻰ ﻧﺤﻮ ﻣﺸﺎﺑﮫ
ﻟﻠﺮواﯾﺔ اﻟﺮﺳﻤﯿﺔ ﻟﻠﺪوﻟﺔ اﻟﺘﺮﻛﯿﺔ، ﺣﯿﺚ ﯾﺆﻛﺪ ﻋﻠﻰ اﻷﺿﺮار اﻟﺘﻲ ﺳﺒﺒﮭﺎ اﻟﻌﺪو ﺣﯿﻦ اﻧﺴﺤﺎﺑﮫ
ﻣﻦ اﻟﻤﺪﯾﻨﺔ و ﺑﺸﻜﻞ رﺋﯿﺴﻲ اﻟﯿﻮﻧﺎﻧﯿﻮن ﻣﻨﮭﻢ. ﻛﻤﺎ ﯾﻌﺎود اﻟﺘﺄﻛﯿﺪ ﻣﺮة أﺧﺮى ﻋﻨﺪ ﺣﺪﯾﺜﮫ ﻋﻦ
إﻋﺎدة إﻋﻤﺎر اﻟﻤﺪﯾﻨﺔ ﺑﻌﺪ اﻟﺤﺮب ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﺪﻣﺎر اﻟﺬي ﻋﺎﺛﮫ اﻟﻌﺪو ﻓﯿﮭﺎ و ﻛﯿﻔﯿﺔ ﺗﻐﻠﺒﮭﻢ ﻋﻠﻰ
ذﻟﻚ</span><span lang="AR-IQ" dir="RTL" style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 107%;">.</span><br></span></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="right"><span lang="AR-IQ" dir="RTL" style="font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;
mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;mso-hansi-theme-font:
minor-latin;mso-bidi-language:AR-IQ"><span lang="AR-IQ" dir="RTL" style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 107%;"><span lang="AR-IQ" dir="RTL" style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 107%;"><span lang="AR-IQ" dir="RTL" style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 107%;"><br></span></span></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="right"><span lang="AR-IQ" dir="RTL" style="font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;
mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;mso-hansi-theme-font:
minor-latin;mso-bidi-language:AR-IQ"><span lang="AR-IQ" dir="RTL" style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 107%;"><span lang="AR-IQ" dir="RTL" style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 107%;"><span lang="AR-IQ" dir="RTL" style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 107%;"><span lang="AR-IQ" dir="RTL" style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 107%;">و ﻗﺪ
ﻧﺠﺢ اﻟﻜﺘﺎب ﻓﻲ ﺳﺪ ﺛﻐﺮة ﻓﻲ اﻟﺪراﺳﺎت اﻷﻛﺎدﯾﻤﯿﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺧﻼل اﻟﺘﺮﻛﯿﺰ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﺪﯾﻨﺔ ﻣﺤﺪدة ﺧﻼل ﻓﺘﺮة
ﺗﺎرﯾﺨﯿﺔ ﻛﺎﻧﺖ ﻗﺪ أﺷﺒﻌﺖ دراﺳﺔ ﻣﻦ ﻗﺒﻞ، ﺣﯿﺚ أﺻﺎب ﺑﺘﺮﻛﯿﺰه ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﺪﯾﻨﺔ إﺳﻜﯿﺸﮭﺮ ﻓﻲ ھﺬه اﻟﻔﺘﺮة،
إﻻ أن ﺗﻨﺎوﻟﮫ ﻟﻤﻮﺿﻮع ﻛﺜﺮت دراﺳﺘﮫ ﺟﻌﻞ ﻣﻨﮫ ﻣﻜﺮرا. و ﻣﻊ ذﻟﻚ ﻛﻠﮫ ﯾﻌﺪ ﻣﺼﺪرا ﻗﯿّﻤﺎ ﻟﻤﻦ
ﯾﺮﻏﺐ ﺑﻤﻌﺮﻓﺔ اﻟﻤﺰﯾﺪ ﻋﻦ إﺳﻜﯿﺸﮭﺮ</span><span lang="AR-IQ" dir="RTL" style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 107%;">.</span><br></span></span></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="right"><span lang="AR-IQ" dir="RTL" style="font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;
mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;mso-hansi-theme-font:
minor-latin;mso-bidi-language:AR-IQ"><span lang="AR-IQ" dir="RTL" style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 107%;"><span lang="AR-IQ" dir="RTL" style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 107%;"><span lang="AR-IQ" dir="RTL" style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 107%;"><span lang="AR-IQ" dir="RTL" style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 107%;"><br></span></span></span></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="right"><span lang="AR-IQ" dir="RTL" style="font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;
mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;mso-hansi-theme-font:
minor-latin;mso-bidi-language:AR-IQ">إﺟﯿﮭﺎن ﻛﻮﺗﺶ<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="right"><span lang="AR-IQ" dir="RTL" style="font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;
mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;mso-hansi-theme-font:
minor-latin;mso-bidi-language:AR-IQ"><span lang="AR-IQ" dir="RTL" style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 107%;"><span lang="AR-IQ" dir="RTL" style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 107%;"><span lang="AR-IQ" dir="RTL" style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 107%;"><span lang="AR-IQ" dir="RTL" style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 107%;">

</span></span></span></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="right"><span lang="AR-IQ" dir="RTL" style="font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;
mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;mso-hansi-theme-font:
minor-latin;mso-bidi-language:AR-IQ">ﺗﺮﺟﻤﺔ ﻣﮭﺎ ﯾﺎزﺟﻲ</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="right"><span lang="AR-IQ" dir="RTL" style="font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;
mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;mso-hansi-theme-font:
minor-latin;mso-bidi-language:AR-IQ"><span lang="AR-IQ" dir="RTL" style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 107%;"><span lang="AR-IQ" dir="RTL" style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 107%;"><br></span></span></span></p></div>

Type

abstract

Year

2014

Güneş, İhsan et al. Osmanlı'dan Cumhuriyet'e Eskişehir, 1840-1923. Eskişehir: Anadolu Üniversitesi, 2007, 286pp.

ملخص

إسكيشهر من العصر العثماني إلى الفترة الجمهورية : ١٨٤٠ - ١٩٢٣

Osmanlı'dan Cumhuriyet'e Eskişehir, 1840-1923

يهدف ھﺬا اﻟﻜﺘﺎب إﻟﻰ ﺗﺴﻠﯿﻂ اﻟﻀﻮء ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﻤﺸﮭﺪ اﻟﺘﺎرﯾﺨﻲ ﻟﻤﺮﺣﻠﺔ ﺗﺤﺪﯾﺚ ﻣﺪﯾﻨﺔ إﺳﻜﯿﺸﮭﺮ و اﻟﺘﻲ اﻣﺘﺪت ﺑﯿﻦ ﻋﺎﻣﻲ ١٨٤٠ و ١٩٢٣. و ﯾﻌﺒّﺮ اﻟﻤﺆﻟﻔﻮن ﻋﻦ اﺳﺘﯿﺎﺋﮭﻢ ﻟﻘﻠﺔ اﻟﻤﺼﺎدر اﻟﺘﻲ ﺗﺘﻨﺎول ھﺬه اﻟﻤﺪﯾﻨﺔ، ﺣﯿﺚ ﯾﺰﻋﻤﻮن ﺑﺄﻧﮭﻢ ﻗﺪ ﻗﺪﻣﻮا ﻛﺘﺎﺑﺎ ﻗﺎدرا ﻋﻠﻰ ﺳﺪ ھﺬه اﻟﺜﻐﺮة ﻓﻲ ﺗﺎرﯾﺨﮭﺎ ﺑﺎﻻﻋﺘﻤﺎد ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﺎ اﺳﺘﻄﺎﻋﻮ ا اﻟﻮﺻﻮل إﻟﯿﮫ ﻣﻦ ﻣﺼﺎدر. و ﯾﺘﻀﻤﻦ اﻟﻜﺘﺎب ﻓﻲ ﻧﮭﺎﯾﺘﮫ ﺛﺒﺘﺎ ﻟﻠﻤﺮاﺟﻊ و ﻓﮭﺮﺳﺎ ﯾﻮﺛﻘﺎن اﻟﻤﺼﺎدر اﻟﻤﺴﺘﺨﺪﻣﺔ.

ﯾﺒﺪأ اﻟﻜﺘﺎب ﺑﻤﻘﺪﻣﺔ ﺗﻨﺎﻗﺶ ﺗﺎرﯾﺦ إﺳﻜﯿﺸﮭﺮ وﺻﻮﻻ إﻟﻰ اﻟﻘﺮن اﻟﺘﺎﺳﻊ ﻋﺸﺮ ، ﺣﯿﺚ ﯾﺘﻀﻤﻦ ﻣﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎت ﻋﻦ ﻣﺴﺘﻮطﻨﺎت ﻋﺼﻮر ﻣﺎ ﻗﺒﻞ اﻟﺘﺎرﯾﺦ ﻓﯿﮭﺎ و ﻋﻦ اﻟﺘﻄﻮرات اﻟﺘﺎرﯾﺨﯿﺔ اﻷﺧﺮى اﻟﺘﻲ طﺮأت ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﻤﺪﯾﻨﺔ ﺧﻼل اﻟﺤﻘﺒﺎت اﻟﮭﻠﻨﯿﺴﺘﯿﺔ و اﻟﺒﯿﺰﻧﻄﯿﺔ و اﻟﺮوﻣﺎﻧﯿﺔ و اﻟﻌﺜﻤﺎﻧﯿﺔ.

و وﻓﻘﺎ ﻟﻠﻌﺪﯾﺪ ﻣﻦ رواﯾﺎت اﻟﺮﺣﺎﻟﺔ، ﻓﻘﺪ ﻛﺎﻧﺖ إﺳﻜﯿﺸﮭﺮ ﻓﻲ ﺑﺪاﯾﺔ اﻟﻘﺮن اﻟﺘﺎﺳﻊ ﻋﺸﺮ ﻣﺪﯾﻨﺔ ﺻﻐﯿﺮة ﻣﮭﻤﻠﺔ، إﻻ أﻧﮭﺎ دﺧﻠﺖ ﻓﻲ طﻮر اﻟﺤﺪاﺛﺔ ﺧﻼل اﻟﻨﺼﻒ اﻟﺜﺎﻧﻲ ﻣﻦ اﻟﻘﺮن ذاﺗﮫ. و ﯾﻐﻄﻲ ﻗﺴﻤﺎ اﻟﻜﺘﺎب اﻟﺮﺋﯿﺴﯿﺎن ﺗﻄﻮرات ھﺬه اﻟﻤﺮﺣﻠﺔ ﻓﯿﺼﻒ اﻷول اﻟﺘﻐﯿﺮات اﻟﺘﻲ طﺮأت ﻋﻠﻰ ﻧﻈﺎم اﻟﺤﻜﻢ و وﺳﺎﺋﻞ اﻟﻨﻘﻞ و اﻟﺼﺤﺔ و اﻟﺒﻨﻰ اﻻﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﯿﺔ و اﻻﻗﺘﺼﺎدﯾﺔ و اﻟﺜﻘﺎﻓﯿﺔ ﻓﻲ اﻟﻤﺪﯾﻨﺔ ﺑﺪءا ﻣﻦ اﻟﻨﺼﻒ اﻟﺜﺎﻧﻲ ﻣﻦ اﻟﻘﺮن اﻟﺘﺎﺳﻊ ﻋﺸﺮ ﺣﺘﻰ ﺣﺮب اﻻﺳﺘﻘﻼل اﻟﺘﺮﻛﯿﺔ. ﺑﯿﻨﻤﺎ ﯾﻨﻈﺮ اﻟﻘﺴﻢ اﻟﺜﺎﻧﻲ ﻓﻲ ﺗﺒﻌﺎت اﻷﺣﺪاث اﻟﺘﻲ ﺗﻠﺖ اﻟﺤﺮب اﻟﻌﺎﻟﻤﯿﺔ اﻷوﻟﻰ ﻋﻠﻰ إﺳﻜﯿﺸﮭﺮ، ﻓﯿﻨﺎﻗﺶ اﻟﺤﺮﻛﺔ اﻟﻘﻮﻣﯿﺔ اﻟﺘﻲ اﺷﺘﺪ ﺳﺎﻋﺪھﺎ ﺑﻌﺪ ﻏﺰو اﻷﻧﺎﺿﻮل و ﺣﺮﻛﺔ اﻟﻤﻘﺎوﻣﺔ اﻟﻤﺤﻠﯿﺔ و ﺗﻮﺣﺪھﺎ ﻣﻊ ﺣﺮﻛﺔ اﻟﻤﻘﺎوﻣﺔ اﻟﻘﻮﻣﯿﺔ و ﯾﺒﯿﻦ دور ﻣﺪﯾﻨﺔ إﺳﻜﯿﺸﮭﺮ ﺧﻼل ﻓﺘﺮة اﻟﻤﻘﺎوﻣﺔ و ﺗﺄﺛﯿﺮاﺗﮭﺎ ﻋﻠﯿﮭﺎ. ﻤﺎ ﯾﻨﺎﻗﺶ اﻟﻘﺴﻢ ذاﺗﮫ ﻛﻼ ﻣﻦ ﺗﺒﻌﺎت ﺣﺮب اﻻﺳﺘﻘﻼل اﻟﺘﺮﻛﯿﺔ و ﺗﺄﺳﯿﺲ اﻟﺠﻤﮭﻮرﯾﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﻤﺪﯾﻨﺔ أﯾﻀﺎ و دورھﺎ ﻓﻲ ﺗﻠﻚ اﻷﺣﺪاث.

ﯾﺴﺮد اﻟﻜﺘﺎب اﻷﺣﺪاث اﻟﺘﻲ ﺟﺮت ﻓﻲ اﻟﻤﺪﯾﻨﺔ ﺧﻼل اﻟﻤﺮاﺣﻞ اﻷﺧﯿﺮة ﻣﻦ ﺣﺮب اﻻﺳﺘﻘﻼل ﻋﻠﻰ ﻧﺤﻮ ﻣﺸﺎﺑﮫ ﻟﻠﺮواﯾﺔ اﻟﺮﺳﻤﯿﺔ ﻟﻠﺪوﻟﺔ اﻟﺘﺮﻛﯿﺔ، ﺣﯿﺚ ﯾﺆﻛﺪ ﻋﻠﻰ اﻷﺿﺮار اﻟﺘﻲ ﺳﺒﺒﮭﺎ اﻟﻌﺪو ﺣﯿﻦ اﻧﺴﺤﺎﺑﮫ ﻣﻦ اﻟﻤﺪﯾﻨﺔ و ﺑﺸﻜﻞ رﺋﯿﺴﻲ اﻟﯿﻮﻧﺎﻧﯿﻮن ﻣﻨﮭﻢ. ﻛﻤﺎ ﯾﻌﺎود اﻟﺘﺄﻛﯿﺪ ﻣﺮة أﺧﺮى ﻋﻨﺪ ﺣﺪﯾﺜﮫ ﻋﻦ إﻋﺎدة إﻋﻤﺎر اﻟﻤﺪﯾﻨﺔ ﺑﻌﺪ اﻟﺤﺮب ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﺪﻣﺎر اﻟﺬي ﻋﺎﺛﮫ اﻟﻌﺪو ﻓﯿﮭﺎ و ﻛﯿﻔﯿﺔ ﺗﻐﻠﺒﮭﻢ ﻋﻠﻰ ذﻟﻚ.

و ﻗﺪ ﻧﺠﺢ اﻟﻜﺘﺎب ﻓﻲ ﺳﺪ ﺛﻐﺮة ﻓﻲ اﻟﺪراﺳﺎت اﻷﻛﺎدﯾﻤﯿﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺧﻼل اﻟﺘﺮﻛﯿﺰ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﺪﯾﻨﺔ ﻣﺤﺪدة ﺧﻼل ﻓﺘﺮة ﺗﺎرﯾﺨﯿﺔ ﻛﺎﻧﺖ ﻗﺪ أﺷﺒﻌﺖ دراﺳﺔ ﻣﻦ ﻗﺒﻞ، ﺣﯿﺚ أﺻﺎب ﺑﺘﺮﻛﯿﺰه ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﺪﯾﻨﺔ إﺳﻜﯿﺸﮭﺮ ﻓﻲ ھﺬه اﻟﻔﺘﺮة، إﻻ أن ﺗﻨﺎوﻟﮫ ﻟﻤﻮﺿﻮع ﻛﺜﺮت دراﺳﺘﮫ ﺟﻌﻞ ﻣﻨﮫ ﻣﻜﺮرا. و ﻣﻊ ذﻟﻚ ﻛﻠﮫ ﯾﻌﺪ ﻣﺼﺪرا ﻗﯿّﻤﺎ ﻟﻤﻦ ﯾﺮﻏﺐ ﺑﻤﻌﺮﻓﺔ اﻟﻤﺰﯾﺪ ﻋﻦ إﺳﻜﯿﺸﮭﺮ.

إﺟﯿﮭﺎن ﻛﻮﺗﺶ

ﺗﺮﺟﻤﺔ ﻣﮭﺎ ﯾﺎزﺟﻲ

Koç, Ecehan. “Arabic abstract of 'Eskişehir from Ottoman Times to the Republic, 1840-1923'". Translated by Maha Yazji in Cities as Built and Lived Environments: Scholarship from Muslim Contexts, 1875 to 2011, by Aptin Khanbaghi. 424. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press, 2014.