Shamsiddin  Komoliddin - <div><br></div><div>Сухарева, О. А. Бухара, XIX- Начало ХХ в. Москва: Наука; Глав. Ред Восточной Лит-Ры, 1962, 224с.</div><div><br></div><div>Sukhareva, O. A. Bukhara, XIX- Nachalo XX v. Moscow: Nauka; Glav. Red Vostochnoĭ Lit-ry, 1962, 224pp.</div><div><span style="font-weight: bold;"><br></span></div><div style="text-align: center; "><span style="font-weight: bold;">ملخص</span></div><div style="text-align: center; "><span style="font-weight: bold;"><br></span></div><div style="text-align: center; "><span style="font-style: italic;">بخارى بين نهاية القرن التاسع عشر و بداية القرن العشرين</span></div><div><br></div><div style="text-align: center; "><span style="font-style: italic;">Бухара, XIX- Начало ХХ в</span></div><div style="text-align: center; "><br></div><div style="text-align: right; "><p class="MsoNormal" align="right"><span lang="AR-IQ" dir="RTL" style="font-family:&quot;Arial&quot;,sans-serif;mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;
mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;mso-hansi-theme-font:
minor-latin;mso-bidi-language:AR-IQ">ﯾﻘﺪم اﻟﻜﺘﺎب ﻟﻤﺤﺔ ﻋﺎﻣﺔ ﻋﻦ اﻷﻧﺸﻄﺔ اﻟﺼﻨﺎﻋﯿﺔ ﻓﻲ
ﻣﺪﯾﻨﺔ ﺑﺨﺎرى، إﺣﺪى أﻛﺒﺮ ﻣﺪن اﻟﻘﺮون اﻟﻮﺳﻄﻰ ﻓﻲ آﺳﯿﺎ اﻟﻮﺳﻄﻰ. و ﯾﺼﻒ أﻧﻮاع اﻟﺘﺠﺎرة اﻟﻤﺘﻌﺪدة
و اﻟﺤﺮف اﻟﯿﺪوﯾﺔ و اﻟﻮﺳﺎﺋﻞ اﻟﺘﻘﻨﯿﺔ اﻟﻤﺴﺘﺨﺪﻣﺔ ﻓﻲ اﻹﻧﺘﺎج و ﻛﺬﻟﻚ اﻟﻤﻨﺘﺠﺎت و اﻟﻌﻤﺎﻟﺔ
و اﻟﺼﻨﺎﻋﺎت اﻟﻘﺮوﺳﻄﯿﺔ. ﻛﻤﺎ ﯾﻨﺎﻗﺶ ظﮭﻮر اﻷﻧﻮاع اﻟﺠﺪﯾﺪة ﻣﻦ اﻹﻧﺘﺎج اﻟﺼﻨﺎﻋﻲ ﻓﻲ أﻛﺜﺮ ﻗﻄﺎﻋﺎت
اﻻﻗﺘﺼﺎد ﻧﻤﻮا.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="right"><span lang="AR-IQ" dir="RTL" style="font-family:&quot;Arial&quot;,sans-serif;mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;
mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;mso-hansi-theme-font:
minor-latin;mso-bidi-language:AR-IQ"><br></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="right"><span lang="AR-IQ" dir="RTL" style="font-family:&quot;Arial&quot;,sans-serif;mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;
mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;mso-hansi-theme-font:
minor-latin;mso-bidi-language:AR-IQ"><span lang="AR-IQ" dir="RTL" style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 107%;">ﯾﺒﺪأ
اﻟﻤﺆﻟﻒ ﺑﻌﺮض ﻋﺎم ﻋﻦ اﻟﺒﺤﺚ و ﻣﺎ ﯾﺘﻨﺎوﻟﮫ ﻣﻦ أﻧﺸﻄﺔ ﺗﺠﺎرﯾﺔ و ﺻﻨﺎﻋﯿﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺑﺨﺎرى ﻓﻲ اﻟﻌﺼﻮر
اﻟﻮﺳﻄﻰ، و ﻣﻦ ﺛﻢ ﯾﺼﻒ ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ أﻧﻮاع اﻟﺘﺠﺎرة و اﻟﺤﺮف اﻟﯿﺪوﯾﺔ وﻓﻘﺎ ﻟﺘﺼﻨﯿﻔﮭﺎ ﻓﻲ ھﺬه اﻟﻤﺪﯾﻨﺔ.</span><br></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="right"><span lang="AR-IQ" dir="RTL" style="font-family:&quot;Arial&quot;,sans-serif;mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;
mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;mso-hansi-theme-font:
minor-latin;mso-bidi-language:AR-IQ"><span lang="AR-IQ" dir="RTL" style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 107%;"><br></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="right"><span lang="AR-IQ" dir="RTL" style="font-family:&quot;Arial&quot;,sans-serif;mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;
mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;mso-hansi-theme-font:
minor-latin;mso-bidi-language:AR-IQ"><span lang="AR-IQ" dir="RTL" style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 107%;"><span lang="AR-IQ" dir="RTL" style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 107%;">و ﯾﻨﺎﻗﺶ
ﻛﻞ ﻗﺴﻢ ﻣﻦ اﻟﻜﺘﺎب ﻧﺸﺎطﺎ ﻣﮭﻨﯿﺎ ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻔﺎ ﻛﺎن ﺳﺎﺋﺪا ﻓﻲ ﺑﺨﺎرى ﺧﻼل اﻟﻌﺼﻮر اﻟﻮﺳﻄﻰ ﺑﻤﺎ ﻓﯿﮭﺎ
ﺗﻠﻚ اﻟﺤﺮف اﻟﯿﺪوﯾﺔ و اﻟﺼﻨﺎﻋﺎت اﻟﻤﻌﺪﻧﯿﺔ و اﻟﺠﻠﺪﯾﺔ و اﻟﺤﺠﺮﯾﺔ. و ﯾﻜﺮّس اﻟﻜﺎﺗﺐ ﻗﺴﻤﺎ ﻣﮭﻤﺎ
ﻟﻠﻐﺰل و اﻟﻨﺴﯿﺞ ﻟﻤﺎ ﻟﮫ ﻣﻦ أھﻤﯿﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺗﺎرﯾﺦ اﻟﻤﺪﯾﻨﺔ و ﯾُﻀﻤﱢﻨﮫ ﺗﻔﺎﺻﯿﻞ ﻋﺪﯾﺪة ﻋﻦ آﻟﯿﺔ ﺗﺼﻨﯿﻊ
اﻟﻨﺴﯿﺞ ﺑﻤﺎ ﻓﻲ ذﻟﻚ ﻧﺰع ﺧﯿﻮط اﻟﺤﺮﯾﺮ ﻣﻦ اﻟﺸﺮاﻧﻖ و ﺻﺒﺎﻏﺘﮭﺎ.</span><br></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="right"><span lang="AR-IQ" dir="RTL" style="font-family:&quot;Arial&quot;,sans-serif;mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;
mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;mso-hansi-theme-font:
minor-latin;mso-bidi-language:AR-IQ"><span lang="AR-IQ" dir="RTL" style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 107%;"><span lang="AR-IQ" dir="RTL" style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 107%;"><br></span></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="right"><span lang="AR-IQ" dir="RTL" style="font-family:&quot;Arial&quot;,sans-serif;mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;
mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;mso-hansi-theme-font:
minor-latin;mso-bidi-language:AR-IQ"><span lang="AR-IQ" dir="RTL" style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 107%;"><span lang="AR-IQ" dir="RTL" style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 107%;"><span lang="AR-IQ" dir="RTL" style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 107%;">و ﯾﺼﻮر
اﻟﻜﺘﺎب طﺮق إﻧﺘﺎج اﻟﻐﺬاء ﻛﻄﺤﻦ اﻟﺤﺒﻮب و اﺳﺘﺨﻼص اﻟﺰﯾﺖ و ﺻﻨﺎﻋﺔ اﻟﺤﻠﻮﯾﺎت. و ﯾﺸﯿﺮ ﻓﻲ ﻓﺼﻠﮫ
اﻷﺧﯿﺮ إﻟﻰ ﻣﮭﻦ أﺧﺮى ﻣﺜﯿﺮة ﻟﻼھﺘﻤﺎم ﻓﻲ ذﻟﻚ اﻟﻮﻗﺖ ﻛﺼﻨﺎﻋﺔ اﻟﻔﺨﺎر و اﻟﺼﻨﺎﻋﺎت اﻟﺨﺸﺒﯿﺔ و
ﺻﻨﺎﻋﺔ اﻟﺼﺎﺑﻮن و اﻟﺸﻤﻊ و ﺗﺠﻠﯿﺪ اﻟﻜﺘﺐ و ﺗﺼﻨﯿﻊ اﻟﺨﯿﺎم. و أﺧﯿﺮا ﯾﻨﺎﻗﺶ اﻟﻌﻤﻞ اﻟﺘﻐﯿﺮات
اﻟﺘﻲ طﺮأت ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﻤﺪﯾﻨﺔ ﻓﻲ ﻧﮭﺎﯾﺔ اﻟﻘﺮن اﻟﺘﺎﺳﻊ ﻋﺸﺮ و ﺑﺪاﯾﺔ اﻟﻘﺮن اﻟﻌﺸﺮﯾﻦ.</span><br></span></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="right"><span lang="AR-IQ" dir="RTL" style="font-family:&quot;Arial&quot;,sans-serif;mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;
mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;mso-hansi-theme-font:
minor-latin;mso-bidi-language:AR-IQ"><span lang="AR-IQ" dir="RTL" style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 107%;"><span lang="AR-IQ" dir="RTL" style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 107%;"><span lang="AR-IQ" dir="RTL" style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 107%;"><br></span></span></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="right"><span lang="AR-IQ" dir="RTL" style="font-family:&quot;Arial&quot;,sans-serif;mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;
mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;mso-hansi-theme-font:
minor-latin;mso-bidi-language:AR-IQ"><span lang="AR-IQ" dir="RTL" style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 107%;"><span lang="AR-IQ" dir="RTL" style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 107%;"><span lang="AR-IQ" dir="RTL" style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 107%;"></span></span></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="right"><span lang="AR-IQ" dir="RTL" style="font-family:&quot;Arial&quot;,sans-serif;mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;
mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;mso-hansi-theme-font:
minor-latin;mso-bidi-language:AR-IQ">و ﺑﻐﺾ اﻟﻨﻈﺮﻋﻦ اﻟﻌﻨﻮان، ﻓﺈن اﻟﻜﺘﺎب ﯾﺮﻛﺰ ﺑﺸﻜﻞ
واﺿﺢ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻓﺘﺮة اﻟﻘﺮون اﻟﻮﺳﻄﻰ و ﻟﯿﺲ ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﻔﺘﺮة اﻟﻤﻌﺎﺻﺮة، ﻛﻤﺎ أﻧﮫ ﯾﻔﺘﻘﺪ ﻟﻘﺎﺋﻤﺔ ﻣﻨﻔﺼﻠﺔ
ﺑﺜﺒﺖ اﻟﻤﺼﺎدر و اﻟﻤﺮاﺟﻊ، إﻻ أﻧﮫ ﯾﺸﯿﺮ ﻟﻠﻤﺴﺘﺨﺪﻣﺔ ﻣﻨﮭﺎ ﻓﻲ ﻛﻞ ﺻﻔﺤﺔ. و ﯾﻘﺪّم ﻣﺴﺮدا ﺑﺎﻟﻤﻔﺮدات
اﻟﻮاردة و اﻟﻤﺘﻌﻠﻘﺔ ﺑﺎﻟﺤﺮف اﻟﯿﺪوﯾﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺑﺨﺎرى، ﯾﺼﺤﺐ ذﻟﻚ ﺛﻼﺛﻮن ﺻﻔﺤﺔ ﻣﻦ اﻟﺼﻮر اﻟﺘﻮﺿﯿﺤﯿﺔ
اﻟﺘﻲ ﺗﺘﻀﻤﻦ ﺻﻮرا و رﺳﻮﻣﺎت ﺑﺎﻷﺳﻮد و اﻷﺑﯿﺾ ﻟﻠﺤﺮﻓﯿﯿﻦ و ﻷدواﺗﮭﻢ و ﻟﻨﻤﺎذج ﻣﻦ ﻣﻨﺘﺠﺎﺗﮭﻢ.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="right"><span lang="AR-IQ" dir="RTL" style="font-family:&quot;Arial&quot;,sans-serif;mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;
mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;mso-hansi-theme-font:
minor-latin;mso-bidi-language:AR-IQ"><br></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="right"><span lang="AR-IQ" dir="RTL" style="font-family:&quot;Arial&quot;,sans-serif;mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;
mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;mso-hansi-theme-font:
minor-latin;mso-bidi-language:AR-IQ">ﺷﻤﺲ اﻟﺪﯾﻦ ﻛﻤﺎل اﻟﺪﯾﻦ<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="right"><span lang="AR-IQ" dir="RTL" style="font-family:&quot;Arial&quot;,sans-serif;mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;
mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;mso-hansi-theme-font:
minor-latin;mso-bidi-language:AR-IQ">

</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="right"><span lang="AR-IQ" dir="RTL" style="font-family:&quot;Arial&quot;,sans-serif;mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;
mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;mso-hansi-theme-font:
minor-latin;mso-bidi-language:AR-IQ">ﺗﺮﺟﻤﺔ ﻣﮭﺎ ﯾﺎزﺟﻲ</span><o:p></o:p></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="right"><span lang="AR-IQ" dir="RTL" style="font-family:&quot;Arial&quot;,sans-serif;mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;
mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;mso-hansi-theme-font:
minor-latin;mso-bidi-language:AR-IQ"><br></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="right"><span lang="AR-IQ" dir="RTL" style="font-family:&quot;Arial&quot;,sans-serif;mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;
mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;mso-hansi-theme-font:
minor-latin;mso-bidi-language:AR-IQ"><span lang="AR-IQ" dir="RTL" style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 107%;"><span lang="AR-IQ" dir="RTL" style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 107%;"><span lang="AR-IQ" dir="RTL" style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 107%;"><br></span></span></span></span></p></div>
بخارى بين نهاية القرن التاسع عشر و بداية القرن العشرين
Type
abstract
Year
2014

Сухарева, О. А. Бухара, XIX- Начало ХХ в. Москва: Наука; Глав. Ред Восточной Лит-Ры, 1962, 224с.

Sukhareva, O. A. Bukhara, XIX- Nachalo XX v. Moscow: Nauka; Glav. Red Vostochnoĭ Lit-ry, 1962, 224pp.

ملخص

بخارى بين نهاية القرن التاسع عشر و بداية القرن العشرين

Бухара, XIX- Начало ХХ в

ﯾﻘﺪم اﻟﻜﺘﺎب ﻟﻤﺤﺔ ﻋﺎﻣﺔ ﻋﻦ اﻷﻧﺸﻄﺔ اﻟﺼﻨﺎﻋﯿﺔ ﻓﻲ ﻣﺪﯾﻨﺔ ﺑﺨﺎرى، إﺣﺪى أﻛﺒﺮ ﻣﺪن اﻟﻘﺮون اﻟﻮﺳﻄﻰ ﻓﻲ آﺳﯿﺎ اﻟﻮﺳﻄﻰ. و ﯾﺼﻒ أﻧﻮاع اﻟﺘﺠﺎرة اﻟﻤﺘﻌﺪدة و اﻟﺤﺮف اﻟﯿﺪوﯾﺔ و اﻟﻮﺳﺎﺋﻞ اﻟﺘﻘﻨﯿﺔ اﻟﻤﺴﺘﺨﺪﻣﺔ ﻓﻲ اﻹﻧﺘﺎج و ﻛﺬﻟﻚ اﻟﻤﻨﺘﺠﺎت و اﻟﻌﻤﺎﻟﺔ و اﻟﺼﻨﺎﻋﺎت اﻟﻘﺮوﺳﻄﯿﺔ. ﻛﻤﺎ ﯾﻨﺎﻗﺶ ظﮭﻮر اﻷﻧﻮاع اﻟﺠﺪﯾﺪة ﻣﻦ اﻹﻧﺘﺎج اﻟﺼﻨﺎﻋﻲ ﻓﻲ أﻛﺜﺮ ﻗﻄﺎﻋﺎت اﻻﻗﺘﺼﺎد ﻧﻤﻮا.


ﯾﺒﺪأ اﻟﻤﺆﻟﻒ ﺑﻌﺮض ﻋﺎم ﻋﻦ اﻟﺒﺤﺚ و ﻣﺎ ﯾﺘﻨﺎوﻟﮫ ﻣﻦ أﻧﺸﻄﺔ ﺗﺠﺎرﯾﺔ و ﺻﻨﺎﻋﯿﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺑﺨﺎرى ﻓﻲ اﻟﻌﺼﻮر اﻟﻮﺳﻄﻰ، و ﻣﻦ ﺛﻢ ﯾﺼﻒ ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ أﻧﻮاع اﻟﺘﺠﺎرة و اﻟﺤﺮف اﻟﯿﺪوﯾﺔ وﻓﻘﺎ ﻟﺘﺼﻨﯿﻔﮭﺎ ﻓﻲ ھﺬه اﻟﻤﺪﯾﻨﺔ.


و ﯾﻨﺎﻗﺶ ﻛﻞ ﻗﺴﻢ ﻣﻦ اﻟﻜﺘﺎب ﻧﺸﺎطﺎ ﻣﮭﻨﯿﺎ ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻔﺎ ﻛﺎن ﺳﺎﺋﺪا ﻓﻲ ﺑﺨﺎرى ﺧﻼل اﻟﻌﺼﻮر اﻟﻮﺳﻄﻰ ﺑﻤﺎ ﻓﯿﮭﺎ ﺗﻠﻚ اﻟﺤﺮف اﻟﯿﺪوﯾﺔ و اﻟﺼﻨﺎﻋﺎت اﻟﻤﻌﺪﻧﯿﺔ و اﻟﺠﻠﺪﯾﺔ و اﻟﺤﺠﺮﯾﺔ. و ﯾﻜﺮّس اﻟﻜﺎﺗﺐ ﻗﺴﻤﺎ ﻣﮭﻤﺎ ﻟﻠﻐﺰل و اﻟﻨﺴﯿﺞ ﻟﻤﺎ ﻟﮫ ﻣﻦ أھﻤﯿﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺗﺎرﯾﺦ اﻟﻤﺪﯾﻨﺔ و ﯾُﻀﻤﱢﻨﮫ ﺗﻔﺎﺻﯿﻞ ﻋﺪﯾﺪة ﻋﻦ آﻟﯿﺔ ﺗﺼﻨﯿﻊ اﻟﻨﺴﯿﺞ ﺑﻤﺎ ﻓﻲ ذﻟﻚ ﻧﺰع ﺧﯿﻮط اﻟﺤﺮﯾﺮ ﻣﻦ اﻟﺸﺮاﻧﻖ و ﺻﺒﺎﻏﺘﮭﺎ.


و ﯾﺼﻮر اﻟﻜﺘﺎب طﺮق إﻧﺘﺎج اﻟﻐﺬاء ﻛﻄﺤﻦ اﻟﺤﺒﻮب و اﺳﺘﺨﻼص اﻟﺰﯾﺖ و ﺻﻨﺎﻋﺔ اﻟﺤﻠﻮﯾﺎت. و ﯾﺸﯿﺮ ﻓﻲ ﻓﺼﻠﮫ اﻷﺧﯿﺮ إﻟﻰ ﻣﮭﻦ أﺧﺮى ﻣﺜﯿﺮة ﻟﻼھﺘﻤﺎم ﻓﻲ ذﻟﻚ اﻟﻮﻗﺖ ﻛﺼﻨﺎﻋﺔ اﻟﻔﺨﺎر و اﻟﺼﻨﺎﻋﺎت اﻟﺨﺸﺒﯿﺔ و ﺻﻨﺎﻋﺔ اﻟﺼﺎﺑﻮن و اﻟﺸﻤﻊ و ﺗﺠﻠﯿﺪ اﻟﻜﺘﺐ و ﺗﺼﻨﯿﻊ اﻟﺨﯿﺎم. و أﺧﯿﺮا ﯾﻨﺎﻗﺶ اﻟﻌﻤﻞ اﻟﺘﻐﯿﺮات اﻟﺘﻲ طﺮأت ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﻤﺪﯾﻨﺔ ﻓﻲ ﻧﮭﺎﯾﺔ اﻟﻘﺮن اﻟﺘﺎﺳﻊ ﻋﺸﺮ و ﺑﺪاﯾﺔ اﻟﻘﺮن اﻟﻌﺸﺮﯾﻦ.


و ﺑﻐﺾ اﻟﻨﻈﺮﻋﻦ اﻟﻌﻨﻮان، ﻓﺈن اﻟﻜﺘﺎب ﯾﺮﻛﺰ ﺑﺸﻜﻞ واﺿﺢ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻓﺘﺮة اﻟﻘﺮون اﻟﻮﺳﻄﻰ و ﻟﯿﺲ ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﻔﺘﺮة اﻟﻤﻌﺎﺻﺮة، ﻛﻤﺎ أﻧﮫ ﯾﻔﺘﻘﺪ ﻟﻘﺎﺋﻤﺔ ﻣﻨﻔﺼﻠﺔ ﺑﺜﺒﺖ اﻟﻤﺼﺎدر و اﻟﻤﺮاﺟﻊ، إﻻ أﻧﮫ ﯾﺸﯿﺮ ﻟﻠﻤﺴﺘﺨﺪﻣﺔ ﻣﻨﮭﺎ ﻓﻲ ﻛﻞ ﺻﻔﺤﺔ. و ﯾﻘﺪّم ﻣﺴﺮدا ﺑﺎﻟﻤﻔﺮدات اﻟﻮاردة و اﻟﻤﺘﻌﻠﻘﺔ ﺑﺎﻟﺤﺮف اﻟﯿﺪوﯾﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺑﺨﺎرى، ﯾﺼﺤﺐ ذﻟﻚ ﺛﻼﺛﻮن ﺻﻔﺤﺔ ﻣﻦ اﻟﺼﻮر اﻟﺘﻮﺿﯿﺤﯿﺔ اﻟﺘﻲ ﺗﺘﻀﻤﻦ ﺻﻮرا و رﺳﻮﻣﺎت ﺑﺎﻷﺳﻮد و اﻷﺑﯿﺾ ﻟﻠﺤﺮﻓﯿﯿﻦ و ﻷدواﺗﮭﻢ و ﻟﻨﻤﺎذج ﻣﻦ ﻣﻨﺘﺠﺎﺗﮭﻢ.


ﺷﻤﺲ اﻟﺪﯾﻦ ﻛﻤﺎل اﻟﺪﯾﻦ

ﺗﺮﺟﻤﺔ ﻣﮭﺎ ﯾﺎزﺟﻲ



Citation
Kamoliddin, Shamsiddin. '"Arabic abstract Bukhara End of Nineteenth Century – Early Twentieth Century'". Translated by Maha Yazji. In Cities as Built and Lived Environments: Scholarship from Muslim Contexts, 1875 to 2011, by Aptin Khanbaghi. 477. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press, 2014
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Muslim Civilisations abstract the Aga Khan University
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Uzbekistan
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Arabic
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